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扶乩，《辞海》的解释是：一种迷信，扶即扶架，乩指卜以问疑…… 也叫扶箕、扶鸾，与扶乩相似的迷信，世界各地都有。 据《中华道教大辞典》解释：扶乩是古代“天人交通”术的一种，又名扶鸾。英文为Sciomancy或Planchette Writing意即箕占、筛占、乩占等。 扶乩的最早纪录见于我国东晋时期，唐时传入日本，由日本传入荷兰，再由荷兰传入欧美各国，在日本叫做“灵子术”，西方国家称扶乩的板为“维吉板”，研究扶乩的组织叫“灵学会”，能够组织扶乩和与神交流的人称“神媒”或“灵媒”。美国前总统威尔逊生前笃信扶乩，有一次乩盘上写出了许多古代希伯来文，当时在场的人都不认识；英国著名生物学家查理·达尔文的哥哥伊拉斯马斯·达尔文坚信扶乩，经常在自己家里组织扶乩会，达尔文曾经参加了一次扶乩会，但中途退场了， 达尔文的好朋友、著名生物学家赫胥黎对扶乩虽然持怀疑态度，但经常参加扶乩会，而达尔文的另一位好友、著名科学家华莱士却是扶乩的坚决拥护者。 我国历史上，民间扶乩多在正月15日夜里，迎请紫姑神，卜问来年农耕、桑织、功名之事。唐代李商隐就有“羞逐乡人赛紫姑”的诗句。宋代沈括《梦溪笔谈》“近岁迎紫姑仙者极多”。宋代洪迈《夷坚志》详细描述了扶箕的情形。诗人陆游《箕卜》诗描述了扶乩迎请紫姑神的情形。 1651年，有个云间（今上海松江）男子扶乩。“乩仙”降临后，该男子问：仙从哪里来？乩书曰：“儿家原住古钱塘，曾有诗篇号断肠。” 该男子又问：仙是何姓氏？乩书曰：“犹传小字在词场。”因为该男子不知道有《断肠集》，看见乩文有“儿家”两字，知道“乩仙”肯定是女子，便猜测道：“仙莫非是苏小小吗？”乩书曰：“漫把若兰方淑士，”该男子还是不解又问：“莫非是李清照吗？”乩书又曰：“须知清照易贞娘，朱颜说与任君详。”该男子这才恍然大悟，知道是朱淑真降坛，于是一问一答，“乩仙”写成《浣溪纱》等词后离去。因为该男子不通诗文，不知道朱淑真的诗作《断肠集》，所以这里“乩仙”的文采，明显高于该扶乩者，乩文由扶乩者造作的可能性几乎为零。 曾有人扶乩，迎来吕洞宾降乩作诗云：“此间鸡犬亦神仙，信是桃源别有天。觉得春风都着意，绿杨如画柳如烟。” 似乎仙界也一样拥有鸡犬、春风、杨柳等人情风物。 在1700年前的东晋年间，扶乩就已经进入了非常成熟的应用阶段，这样看来，扶乩存在于我国民间，应该有2000年的历史了。两千年来，扶乩的用具几乎没有变化，一般有专用的木制沙盘和三角形、丁字形乩架，或笸箩、筛、箩等，而降临乩坛的角色却随着时代变迁，有与时俱进的特点，据上海交通大学教授江晓原考证：降临乩 坛的一般为鬼、神、仙等角色，清末民初，“在‘同善社’降坛的有孔子、老子、释迦牟尼、穆罕默德、耶稣、拿破仑、华盛顿、托尔斯泰等等”。人们对扶乩的真假与否，仁者见仁、智者见智，对待扶乩的态度长期莫衷一是。 1945年夏初，重庆成立了国际宗教研究会，发起人为了撰写宣言，便组织扶乩，请济公降临乩坛为研究会题写宣言，曾经出任中国驻印度等国外交使节的卢春芳先生，亲眼目睹并记录下济公降临乩坛题写的乩文. 济公以“锺灵毓秀”为韵，题写了《国际宗教研究会宣言》： 01 大道之行-To bring the highest ideals of God into practice. 天下为公-The best world can be made without prejudice. 不分彼此-';This'; and ';that';, is needless to say. 无论西东-Or ';east'; and ';west';, anyway. 02 大如宇宙-As large as the whole universe. 小似鱼虫-Or as small as an insect or a fish. 形体有异-They differ only in body and size. 性灵终同-With the same soul in each. 03 俯察黄泉- To look upon the heaven above, 仰视霄冲- And down to the ground below. 万千变化- Many a thousand changes may occur, 不离其宗- But all the same are governed by law. 04 纯乎自然-This seems quite natural, 异曲同工-To sing different songs with equal skill. 生化之间-During an interval of life and death, 各秉正统-Every particle owns a good spirit still. 05 日月星辰-The sun, the moon and the stars are. 弥漫太空-Heavenly bodies all over the sky, 山水沙木-While mountains, waters, sands and woods were. 造化所锺-Created by God in forms wet or dry. 06 人列三才-In between the heaven and the earth, 灵焉最聪-Human beings are the wisest of all, 领导群伦-To take the lead among the rest, 共乐仁风-And enjoy the Big Nature what we can all. 07 溯彼太初-From the very beginning, 万有穆雍-A peaceful air was over all. 主宰恒存-There must be the Lord, 操纵其中-With an absolute power to control. 08 一胞所系-Such a huge system is of no border, 静躁不同-With a content of bodies large and small; 无钜弗包-They may be in motion or at rest, 无细弗容-That';s the only difference after all. 09 有象易见-With image, one can easily observe. 无形难穷-Lest one can';t even comprehend. 天命莫测-The ways of providence are oftentimes, 自始至终-Inscrutable from beginning to end. 10 生来何自-Where were we born from? 死去何从-Where shall we pass away to? 真理常在-Causes and effects are rather complicate. 因果错综-Yet the truth is always true. 11 无化无灭-Unchangeable and indestructible is, 厥为圆灵-The true essence-This one soul. 舍之则亡-It may be neglected and lost, 操之则存-Or it may be kept in full. 12 生生之本-To search for the origin of life eternal. 上苍之仁-We resort to the great kindness of God. 仁者无敌-For a kind person is always invincible. 草木全仁-And a good plant depends upon its seed bud. 13 恒大悠久-Moreover, eternal is also the civilization, 博厚高明-And profound are both and heaven, 不动而变-Without any abrupt change of themselves, 无为而成-All things molded within. 14 煌煌先哲-So brilliant were the ancient sages- 世界圣人-Saints of the world. 积年累月-For years and months they tried 真谛是寻-With God';s truth to hold. 15 因时因地-To preach the gospel through different apostles, 因事因人-At different times in different localities, 悉奉使命-They were born to be Archangel of God, 至性生成-Together with many good qualities. 16 创立宗教-They had established their religions respectively. 修己度人-To save themselves and others who suffered too much. 善不计功-To cast their own bread into waters, 取义成仁-They had done what ought to be done for each. 17 耶回儒释-The five religions are Christianity, 道教异名-Mohammedanism, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism. 初本一家-With no difference from the outset, 未尝径庭-They are the same under God';s kingdom. 18 诸子百家-To develop them into many branches. 衍出多门-There were countless thinkers of the past. 择善固执-They followed strictly the human nature, 率性而行-To prove all things good and hold them fast. 19 自诚而明-Honestly makes a man wise, 自明而诚-Wisdom makes a man honest. 忠以尽己-Faithfulness of oneself is apt to win praise, 恕以待人-Yet forgiveness to others is still the finest. 20 何道非道-Nowhere will not be the truth of God, 晶晶莹莹-That';s apparent to everybody. 一以贯之-But success had only those. 炳炳鳞鳞-Who took it under custody. 21 降及後世-Until the recent centuries, 志理竞欲-Men forgot truth for wants in competition. 异端纷起-Differences in opinion arose. 入主出奴-From differences in pre-occupation. 22 各因成见-Because some prejudices existed. 互不和睦-They were not mutually reconcilable. 酿为战争-As a result, belligerent actions took place 干戈相属-And wars were unavoidable. 23 祸乱之烈-The disaster might be so serious 此兴彼伏-That one came after another. 正义莫张-There could be no more justice, 生灵汨役-And many living souls always died together. 24 或为刀俎-Some of them were slaughterers, 或为鱼肉-Some of them were victims. 残肢缺体-Nothing had there been so dreadful 伤心惨目-As the wounded bodies and limbs. 25 粉碎家庭-Many families were broken. 离散骨肉-Many couples were dissociated. 掠夺土地-Many fertile soils were spoiled. 覆灭异族-Many peoples of different races were annihilated. 26 丧失文化-Civilization was deteriorated. 摧残教育-Education was metamorphosed. 破坏和平-Peace was destroyed. 牺牲幸福-Welfare was sacrificed. 27 经济崩溃-Financial crisis had always occurred. 自由难图-As to freedom, ';twas difficult to attain. 科学误用-Scientific knowledge was ill-used. 利器百出-Secret weapons were renewed again and again. 28 生活艰苦-To get living, ';twas very hard. 饥馑满屋-Starvation came to every home, whether new or old. 弥天烽火-Distress had caused pain to all. 遍地萑苻-Robbery existed at nearly every corner of the world. 29 愈演愈厉-The conditions grew worse and worse. 愈来愈酷-The cruelty became more and more. 报应昭彰-Both defensive and offensive actions were repeated. 循环往复-Those facts were quite clear to all. 30 哀哉芸芸-Alas! May poor creatures! 无辜受戮-You have been innocently ill-treated. 既绝反省-Be wiser to plan for yourselves 亟宜自图-At an early date after thoroughly yon reflected. 31 爰在今日-Therefore it';s up to nowadays. 将谋战後-A good plan shall be carried out effectively after this war. 永久和平-For the sake of eternal peace 国际机构-An international organization is the best by far. 32 宗教教义-The same truth for all religions, 尤当研究-Everybody has to research. 信仰自由-The freedom to worship God in one';s own way 理论精透-Is the most fundamental principle one may reach. 33 凡各教徒-Apostles of the world! 悉属优秀-You are all good fellows! 应发宏愿-You have to serve for the greatest will, 救人自救-To save yourselves and any other who follows. 34 不分中外-With no regard to nationality, 男女老幼-Members of different sexes and ages! 殊途同归-On the basis of equality, you will reach 何薄何厚-The same kingdom of God through different passages. 35 本会成立-Here is the establishment of A.R.I.R. 惟展各埠-With branches in all parts of the world. 宗旨纯正-With a righteous aim. 不愧屋漏-We are all faithful to God. 36 发挥真理-To preach the same truth, 迅伏魔寂-And to defeat the devil enemies, 胜利可期-Victory will be ours, 肤功克奏-Triumphs will not be absurdities. 37 人类文明-Unlike the wild beasts, 非同野兽-Human beings are civilized. 互增情感-Be sympathetic and honest. 勿生疑窦-No doubts can ever be roused. 38 天下大同-In a world of Universal Brotherhood, 河山依旧-As usual, territories have to be restored. 共策安全-To enjoy the same happiness, 胥得享受-The common security must be assured. 39 愿此世界-Wishing that whorled world, 民康物阜-Will return to good order. 一夫不获-If any individual be there not properly treated, 众生互救-Any other may be asked as a saver. 40 永久和平-Eternal peace could aptly be maintained, 殆属天授-If it were gifted by heaven, 愿吾同人-Come on! my dear friends, 精诚奋斗-We have to try our best for this heavy burden. 乩坛上诗文完成后，“济公”要求在场者译成英文，但无一人敢译，于是“济公”自己翻译成英文，并嘱咐在场者广为传播等。 当时正值抗战胜利前夕， “济公”在乩文中预言了战后以维护世界和平为己任的联合国的成立，“永久和平，殆属天授”告诉我们，新的世界大战不会再来。 当时令在场者百思不解的是：“济公”何时学会的英文？ |
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