| 作主语Both of them are teachers．他们两人都是教师。做主语时谓语动词用单数作宾语I know nothing about this person．我对这个人一无所知。作表语This book is too much difficult for a child．这本书对一个小孩来说太难了。作定语There is a little water in the glass．玻璃杯里有一些水。可以在强调一下a little,little,a few,few的区别：a little通常带有肯定的意思，表示还有一点；而little带有否定的意思，只剩一点儿了。（little后通常加不可数名词）a few和few同上。（后通常加可数名词）作状语I can't find my book anywhere．我在任何地方都不能找到我的书。这一句也可以表示成：I can find my book nowhere.我在任何地方都不能找到我的书。修饰不定代词的词，一般情况下要后置. Ⅰ.不定代词包括： all , both, every, each, either, neither, more,(a) little, (a) few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。 一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。 Ⅱ,不定代词用法为： 不定代词+（of + 限定词 ）+ 名词 注意：of 后一定要有限定词 both, all可以直接接限定词the Ⅲ.几组常用不定代词的区别： 1.代词比较one，that 和it one表示泛指，指名称相同的另一物，或所提到的人或物中的一个。that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。 I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one. The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it. 2. some与any的区别 1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接 ①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。 Have you got any tea? If you have any questions, please ask me. There isn't any orange in the bottle. 3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 ---How many people can you see in the picture? ---I can't see any. If you have no money, I'll lend you some. 注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。 注意：something, everything, nothing, anything, somebody, everybody, nobody（=no one）, anybody，none 3. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别1) (a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词 2) a few / a little 为肯定含义，还有一点 3) few / little 为否定含义，没有多少了。 He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。 We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。 There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。 4) 固定搭配: only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many) Many books were sold. Many a book was sold. 5）a little和little也可以用作副词，a little表示“有点，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 I'm a little hungry. (修饰形容词hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修饰动词sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修饰副词比较级) She slept very little last night. 4. other, the other, another, others, the others的区别。1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别 的”。 Where are his other books? I haven't any other books except this one. 2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. This coat is too large. Show me some others, please. 4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese. 5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. You can see another ship in the sea, can't you? Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。 I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another. 5. every 和each的用法 1) every 强调全体的概念， each强调个体概念。 Every student in our school works hard. Each student may have one book.. 2) every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物 (含两个)。 3) every不可以作状语，each可作状语。 4) every 有反复重复的意思，如 every two weeks等； each没有。 5) every 与not 连用，表示部分否定； each 和not连用表示全部否定。 Every man is not honest. Each man is not honest. 6. all和both的用法。 1）all和both都表示整体，但all 都，指三者以上。both 都，指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。 All of us like Mr. Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr. Pope. (作同位语) All the water has been used up. (作主语) That's all for today. (作表语) Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语) All the leaders are here./All knowledge comes from practice. (作定语) 2）both 和 all 加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用neither和none。 Both of us are not good at singing. Neither of us is good at singing. All of the teachers are not foreigners. None of the teachers are foreigners. . 注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。 All of the students are there. All (of) the milk is there. 7. neither 与 nor的用法 1) 如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither，而不用 nor。 If you don't do it，neither should I. 如果你不干，我也不干。 2) 如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor，不用neither。 He can't sing，nor dance，nor skate. 8.neither和either的用法 1）neither 表示“两者都不”，neither„nor„ 意为“既不„又不„”。 either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，either„or„ 意为“或是„„，或是„„” Neither of the answer is right. I have neither time nor money to take a trip. Either sentence is right |
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