英语视听学习丨乳腺癌手术动画演示

乳腺癌手术--乳房肿瘤切除术-乳房切除术

单词学习

Anesthesia[ˌænəsˈθi:ziə]n.  麻醉；感觉缺失，麻木

lumpectomy[ˌlʌmˈpektəmi]n. 乳房肿瘤切除术

mastectomy[mæˈstektəmi]n. 乳房切除术；乳腺癌根治术

scalpel[ˈskælpəl]n. 外科手术刀

forcep[fɔ:'sep]n. 钳子

词义辨析

outpatient [ˈaʊtpeɪʃnt]n. 门诊病人；不住院病人

inpatient [ˈɪnpeɪʃnt]n. 住院病人； adj. 夜间看病的；

eg.Outpatient and inpatient services 出诊和夜诊服务

短语学习

breast cancer 乳腺癌

breast tissue 乳腺组织

lymph nodes 淋巴结

intravenous line 静脉导管，静脉通道，静脉注射

breathing tube 呼吸管

modified radical mastectomy 乳腺癌改良根治术

sentinel node biopsy 前哨淋巴结活检

全文练习

Surgical removal of the tumor is a common treatment for breast cancer. There are a number of surgical techniques, and your doctor will help you decide which is best for your situation. In addition to removing your breast tissue, it may be necessary to remove some or all of the lymph nodes under your arm. 

手术切除肿瘤是乳腺癌的常规治疗手段。目前存在许多种外科手术方式，医生会帮助你选择最适合你病情的手术方式。乳腺癌手术中，除了切除乳腺组织外，还可能需要切除手臂下方的部分或全部淋巴结。

Before the procedure, an intravenous line will be started and you may be given an oral sedative to help you relax, rest surgery usually requires general anesthesia, a breathing tube will be inserted through your mouth and into your throat, and you will be given medications to put you to sleep for the duration of the procedure. 

手术前，将开始静脉注射，医生可能给予口服镇静剂来帮助你放松，其余的手术通常需要全身麻醉，医生会将呼吸管通过口腔插入你的喉咙，手术过程中，由于药物作用你会陷入睡眠状态。

Depending on the types of produce, breast cancer surgery usually takes one to three hours. The main surgical procedures are lumpectomy and mastectomy. A lumpectomy preserves the appearance of the breast, the tumour along with a margin of surrounding tissue is removed. In this procedure, your surgeon will make an incision in the skin and separate the tumor, and a margin of healthy tissue from the breast with a scalpel. Then your surgeon will remove the mass with forceps, send it to the pathology lab for examination and close the wound with sutures. 

根据手术类型不同，乳腺癌手术通常需要1~3个小时。主要的手术方式是乳房肿瘤切除术和乳房切除术。乳房肿瘤切除术保留了乳房外观，切除了肿瘤及其周围组织。在此手术中，医生会在皮肤上做切口，用手术刀将肿瘤与乳腺健康组织边缘分离开。然后使用手术钳取出肿瘤，送病理科检查，用缝合线缝合伤口。

In a mastectomy, the entire breast is removed. This is usually indicated when the tumor is too large for a lumpectomy. In a simple lumpectomy, only your breast tissue is removed, your surgeon will begin by making an incision around your nipple. He or she will then separate your breast tissue from the muscle underneath, and remove it for examination. Finally, your surgeon will insert drains to prevent fluid collection before closing the wound. 

乳房切除术中，需要切除整个乳房。通常适用于肿瘤过大，不适合行乳腺肿瘤切除术的患者。简单的乳房切除术只切除乳腺组织，医生会在乳头周围做切口。他/她会将乳腺组织与其下方的肌肉分离开，切除后送病检。最后，缝合伤口前，为预防积液，医生会插入引流管。

The most common type of mastectomy is a modified radical mastectomy in which the entire breast and some or all of the lymph nodes under your arm are removed. In this procedure, your surgeon will make an incision along the length of breast, separate your breast tissue from the muscle underneath and remove it for examination. 

最常见的乳房切除术是一种改良的乳腺癌根治术，此手术将切除整个乳房以及手臂下部分或全部淋巴结。手术过程中，医生将沿着乳房的长度做切口，分离开乳腺组织及其下方的肌肉，切除做病检。

To remove the lymph nodes under your arm, many surgeon use a technique called sentinel node biopsy. In this procedure, dye is injected into your breast to determine which lymph nodes drain fluid first. It is these lymph nodes that are most likely to contain cancer. Your surgeon will remove one to three of these lymph nodes for examination, insert drains and close the wound with sutures. 

在切除手臂下方的淋巴结时，医生会采用一种技术，称为前哨淋巴结活检。手术中，医生会将染液注入乳房，以确认淋巴结引流液。这些淋巴结最可能含有癌细胞。医生会切除1~3个淋巴结检查，插入引流管，缝合伤口。

In a radical mastectomy, the breast, underlying tissue muscle beneath the breast and all visible lymph nodes are all removed, your surgeon will begin by making an incision along the length of the breast, next he or she will separate all of the breast tissue, muscle from the chest wall and visible lymph nodes, and remove them for examination. Finally your surgeon will insert drains before closing the wound. 

乳腺癌根治术中，乳腺组织及其下方的肌肉，以及所有可见的淋巴结均被切除。医生将沿着乳房做纵向切口，之后将所有的乳腺组织，肌肉与胸腔壁和可见的淋巴结分离开，切除病检。最后在缝合伤口前插入引流管。

After your breast surgery, your breathing tube will be removed and you will be taken to the recovery areas for monitoring. Lumpectomies are often done as outpatient procedures, in this case, you will be able to leave the hospital after several hours. If your surgery is done as an inpatient, your doctor will generally have you remain in the hospital for one to two days to monitor your recovery.

手术后，移除呼吸管，你将被转入恢复区检测。乳腺肿瘤切除术常常作为门诊手术，在这种情况下，数小时后即可出院。但是如果是住院手术，医生一般会让你留院观察1~2天，以监测恢复情况。