石材包装及运输(中英文版)

石材包装及运输

总则

● 根据产品种类特性，按照包装用木制品标准制造木箱、木框架等。

● 必须经品管部终检合格的产品才可包装。

● 按装箱清单清点所属箱号的产品数量，并将产品清节干净，再目测产品外观质量，若发现任何问题，即退回质检人员和车间，及时修正或制造。

● 在装箱过程中，注意轻拿轻放，以免造成破损；所有等待包装的产品，不可直接着地，必须用橡胶垫或木条垫底。

● 产品按装箱清单装箱后，装箱人员需作详细记录，由质检人员确认签字后，方可封箱。

● 即时通知吊装组将封箱产品，吊运至存放地点。

● 将包装场地清扫干净。

工程板装箱

● 采用符合标准的木板、木方等材料制成的木箱。原则上将相同或相近规格的产品一起包装，每个木箱载重不超过1.5公吨，特殊情况可根据客户要求进行包装。

● 经品检部最终检验合格的产品才可包装，且包装过程中需轻拿轻放，确保产品表面完整、周边并无破损。

● 包装前，首先需将木箱平稳摆放，或轻微向后倾斜，以便规格板平稳斜靠，避免翻倒。

● 包装时将相同或相近规格的板材摆放一起，板材面与面、底与底相向，以减少运输过程中板面之间产生的摩擦。

● 在包装时，板材与板材之间应紧密相靠，不能出现缝隙或任何松动现象；木箱四周应放置发泡胶。对于多层包装的板材，每层之间需加放木板及发泡胶相隔。至于小板多排包装的板材，每排之间要用木板隔离。

● 每次封箱前，应先行统计箱内工程板的品种、规格和数量，并在木箱侧面写上标签。

大板木架包装

● 采用复合标准的木方、木板等材料加工制成包装大板材的木架。每扎大板使用两个木架，木架内框宽度根据实际包装的大板总厚度而定。

● 吊起大板，把配套木架从两端套入，检查木架与板材之间的缝隙，确保木架与板材紧密配合，没有松动现象。

● 将木架摆正竖直，放下板材，用铁丝或木架固定，使木架从上到下卡紧板材。

● 在木架加固前，先准确统计产品品种、规格、数量，并制作标签一份，贴于木架侧面。

● 每扎大板重量不超过4公吨。

工艺品包装操作过程

● 采用符合标准的材料制成包装箱。直位元异形产品一般根据加工单上所列尺寸即可订箱；弯位元或其他异形产品则在加工至半成品时，到现场量度实际尺寸，制成合适的木箱。原则上，将相同或相近规格的产品放在同一木箱，每箱重量不得超过一公吨。包装箱必须牢固、安全，箱上须注明工程单号、材料、规格、数量及注意事项。

● 必须经品管部终检合格的产品才可装箱

● 包装前，先将木箱平稳摆放，弧板之类产品需轻微向后倾斜，确保产品能够平稳包装；底面和四周需预先垫好发泡胶。

● 成品应轻拿轻放，每件工艺品之间必须用发泡胶隔开，避免成品造成刮伤，崩边、崩角现象。

● 包装箱内的产品必须稳固，不可有松动现象，空隙部分用木头隔好或以发泡胶填塞，以防运输或吊卸时受到震动。

● 封箱前应清楚统计木箱内材料、品种、规格和数量，填写两张标签，分别贴于木箱侧面的左上角。

● 重型成品应采用吊运方式，切勿用钢丝吊装，而应以软绳吊装。

石材搬运中应注意的事项

● 搬运前的准备工作应以预防为主，确保安全为要。应根据不同情况，包括产品规格大小、质量、路程远近来安排适合的运输方式。如运送大规格板条，可采用坚硬的木方牢固钉架，条板则可用木板条，以铁匝打捆。异形产品、工艺品需要用纸箱，木箱包装，并妥善保护尖角。所有洁白易污染的石材，均严禁使用有色的塑料或草绳打捆。

● 使用吊车或叉车时应注意事项：先用钢丝绳牢固及吊运石材，挂钢丝绳时需要根据板材的大小放置，挂钩应在中心位置，不能偏斜。抽绳时要快捷，但不能硬抽，以防损坏石材表面。操作者要留心，不得让闲人接近。利用吊车装卸石材时，要注意附近高压电线或障碍物，吊运石材时切勿摆动。

● 短距离运载可选用小型拖车，运载车的长度要配合板材尺寸。装卸及搬运时要将板材竖立，不能横向搬运。搬运人员要佩戴手套，切勿穿着拖鞋，以保安全。

● 运载石材的交通工具计有火车、船只、大吨位货车等。使用货车时要选性能较佳的货车，尤其运载大板石材时，中心车架必须牢固，装满货物时货车应慢速行驶，以减少事故。可选用集装箱及密封货柜装载付运的石材。露天排放时严禁石材吊放横排，应沿运行方向顺立，以减少损伤。

● 按产品规格装货，先将毛光板、厚板靠前或放在底层；成品或薄板则放在上层或靠后。每层之间要用木条分隔，减少碰撞或磨损边角。人货必须分载，严禁工作人员乘坐运载石材的车辆。

● 一般情况下不经包装的石材产品不可出货。若遇上特殊情况，车厢内必须垫上发泡胶，且设法确保石材产品不会前后摆动。

● 搬运时注意轻放，严禁碰撞，直立摆放时须背面棱先着地。

● 若板材单块面积超过0.2平方米，一律应直立搬运。用重型工具搬运大板材时，板材周边必须加垫防护。

● 木箱装载的石材产品，在使用起重设备装卸时，每次吊装以一箱为宜。

● 柱头、柱座、柱腰或花线等异形产品在运输中要有适当遮盖，不可让产品滚摔或碰撞。

● 超出1.8米高之板材应以开顶式货柜运载，方便装卸。

● 过大或易碎之板材宜以网底加固，防止碎裂。

● 如以货柜装载，一般以20尺货柜最为适当，由于石材本身质量度高，若以40尺货柜装载，必然超出货柜可载重的上限。

▲中文

English▼

Stone Packing and Transport

General Principles

● Wooden frame and case should be up to timber works standard and also comply with stone product packing requirement.

● Stone products must be inspected and approved prior to packing.

● Final cleaning and visual inspection of stone products which includes counting the quantity according to packing instruction.

● All stone products pending packing must be handled and laid with care.

● All packed products must be well documented.

● All packed wooden cases must be properly stored prior to delivery.

● Always keep the packing areas clean.

Wooden Case for Cut-to-size Panel Packing

● Each packing case shall not exceed 1.5 Metric Tons under general standard or in some special circumstances, pack the products according to clients’ requirement.

● Products must be approved prior to packing and handled with care.

● Packing case must be stabilized in course of packing.

● Stone products of similar size shall be packed together face to face or back to back to avoid unnecessary damage during transportation

● Stone panels shall be tightly packed, protected with poly-foam sheets and divided by plywood properly.

● Final inspection is a must prior to sealing of packing case and putting on shipping marks.

Wooden Frame for Slab Packing

● Using two timber frames for each bundle of slabs. The frame width depends on the overall slab thickness.

● Hang up the slabs and fir into the timber frames from both sides, assuring the slabs tightly fixed to the frames.

● After fitting into the timber frame, the slabs should be fixed with wire and struts.

● Conduct final inspection to the stone types, dimension and quantity of slabs before proceeding to the frame reinforcement. Complete the packing with shipping marks.

● Each frame loaded with slabs should not exceed 4 Metric Tons.

Packing for Special Made Art Pieces

● Packing case should be tailor-made to cater for the shape and size of the art pieces. The wooden case shall be firm and well labelled.

● Only inspected and approved products shall be packed.

● Packing case must be stabilised in course of packing.

● All art pieces must be protected with poly-foam sheets to avoid scratch and damage.

● All packed products must be tightly fixed inside the case.

● Final inspection prior to sealing of the packing case and complete with shipping marks.

● All heavy products must be handled and lifted with soft rope instead of metal wire.

Major Considerations for Transportation

● Safety measure must be made prior to transportation. Selection of transportation means shall depend on the stone product and distance, etc. Stone products must be adequately packed during the course of transportation.

● While using crane truck and wire to handle stone materials, beware of adjoining properties restriction. Assure clear headroom and free of pedestrians. Steel wire tied to the stone slabs must be centred and avoid any damage to the stone.

● Use small truck for short distance transport. Truck space should be adequate for stone panel volume. Stone Panels must be handled in erected position by workers wearing hand gloves.

● Transportation means could be in form of train, ship or truck in good condition. Loaded truck should travel at slow speed to avoid traffic accident.

● Stone products should be loaded according to their types and specifications. Thick slabs should be loaded at inner and lower part of the truck, while thin slabs loaded at outer or upper part of the truck. In all cases, the stone products should be separated and protected with timber.

● Unpacked stone products should not be delivered or the stone products should be properly felted and tied.

● All stone products must be handled with care.

● Slab size exceeding 0.2m² must be handled in erected position. If mechanical device is used for handling,all stone edges must be protected.

● Wooden case should be lifted and handled one by one.

● All stone columns and special moldings must be covered to avoid free rolling and collision.

● Slabs exceeding 1.8m high should be loaded in top-opened type container.

● Back reinforcement should be provided for those non-standard size or fragile stone products.

● 20-feet container should be used instead of 40-feet container for transport considering the high density of stone properties.

来源：石材出口网