被动语态的基本构成:主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词。动词的执行者由介词 by 引出,往往可以省去。被动语态是动词的一种形式,有时态、人称和数的变化,这种变化体现在助动词 be 上。英语中常用的十种被动语态如下表所示(以ask 为例):十种被动语态 1.一般现在时:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 English is taught in most schools in china. 中国大多数学校都教英语。 2.一般过去时:主语 + was/were + 过去分词 The computer was put into operation in 1942. 计算机于1942年投入运行。 3.一般将来时:主语 + shall/will + be + 过去分词 The sports meet will be put off. 运动会将被推迟。 4.过去将来时:主语 + should/would + be + 过去分词 He said he would be loved if he loved others. 他说只要他爱别人,自己就会被爱。 5.现在进行时:主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词 I'm afraid I am being followed. 恐怕有人正在跟踪我。 6.过去进行时:主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词 The hospital was being built when I came last time. 上次我来时,这家医院正在修建中。 7.现在完成时:主语 + have/has + been 过去分词 Many new buildings have been completed in the city. 这座城市里已经建成许多新建筑。 8.过去完成时:主语 + had been + 过去分词 All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived. 他们到达时,所有的票已经售完了。 9.将来完成时:主语 + shall/will + have been + 过去分词 The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month. 这个月末,这个新工厂将会竣工。 10.过去将来完成时:主语 + should/would + have been + 过去分词 He said that Book One would have been finished by the end of this term. 他说到本学期末第一册书将已学完。 |
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