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but的用法

 业成608 2017-10-15
 一
“but”一词是中学英语中的一个重要词汇,为了帮助同学们更好地复习,现将其常见用法归纳如下: 
  1. 作连词,可以连接两个并列成分或两个并列分句,意为“但是,然而”.如:
  He is young but very experienced.
  他虽然年轻,但很有经验.
  Mary likes classical music, but her husband likes rock music.
  玛丽喜欢古典音乐,而她的丈夫却喜欢摇滚乐.
  注意:but不能与though/although连用.
  2. 作介词,常与nothing, nobody, who, all等连用,意为“除……之外”.如:
  We had nothing to do but wait. 除了等待之外,我们一筹莫展.
      No one but me saw him. 除了我之外,没人看到他.
  3. 作副词,意思接近于only,意为“只不过”.如:
   She is but a young girl. 她只不过是一个小女孩儿.
  4. 需掌握的一些其他用法:
  1)用于表示歉意的话语后,引起一个分句,but本身无意义.如:
  I’m sorry, but I think you are wrong when you say she did it willingly.
  抱歉,你说她情愿做那件事,我觉得你搞错了.
  Excuse me, but are you Mr. Smith?
  对不起,您是史密斯先生吗?
  2) 用在否定句后,引起一个分句,but意为“每当……总是……”.如:
  It never rains but it pours.
  不下则已,一下倾盆;事情总是接踵而至.
  I never go past my old school but I think of Mr. Li.
  每当我经过母校时,总会想起李老师.
  3) but for(后常接名词、代词)或but that...意为“要不是……”,句子(主句)常用虚拟语气. 如:
  But for you, we couldn’t have carried out the plan.
  要不是你,我们不可能完成那项计划.
  John would have helped us but that he was short of money at that time.
  要不是约翰当时缺钱,他一定会帮助我们的.
  4) not that...but (that)...不是……而是……
  Not that I don’t want to go, but that I have no time.
    不是我不想去,而是我没时间.
    5) all but 除了……都,几乎,差不多
  His letter is all but finished. 他的信快写完了.
   6) anything but 绝不,远非
  He is anything but an honest man. 他绝不是个诚实的人.
  除以上谈到的外,我们常见的but的惯用法还有:can not help but do 不能不,只能;not only...but also...不但……而且……,等等.


二But 用法小结
 But 用法小结  
作者:海林林业…    资源来源:中国英语教研网    点击数: 
2914    更新时间:4/20/2007  
but一词在英语教材中复现率极高,用法也颇为复杂,现总结如下: 一、conj. “但是”,“可是”,“而且”       English may be hard,but it is the most important of all.       英语虽然很难,但却是最重要的。 
注意:but 不能与although或though 连用,因为它们是连词,故不能同时出现在句子中,如: 虽然他是个孩子,但是却懂得很多。 
Although he is only a child,but he knows a lot. (×) Although he is only  a child,he knows a lot.(√) He is only a child,but he knows a lot.(√) 二、adv. (=only) “仅仅” “只是” 
I can’t tell you but one thing—my age. 我只有一件事不能告诉你,即我的年龄。 You have but choices—follow me or refuse me. 你只有两个选择,要么听我的,要么拒绝我。 三、prep.“除了”(多和不定代词连用) 
1、  接人称代词 
They are all wrong but her/she.除了她以外,他们都错了。 * 用she时,but为连词。 2、  接介词短语 
You can put it anywhere but on the floor. 你就是不能把它放在地上。 You can find that kind of thing nowhere but in England. 这种东西只能在英国找到。 3、  接形容词 
Shelooks anything but well.(She looks ill.) 她看来是病了。 The park is all/anything but beautiful.这公园一点也不美。 4、  接数词 
I know them all but two. 他们当中我只有两个不认识的。 He lives in the next house but one.他住在隔壁的隔壁。 
She lives in last house in the street but two.她住在这条街的倒数第三家。 * next but one/two 隔一/两个;第三/第四  Last but one/two 倒数第二/第三 5、  接不定式 
He wanted nothing but to stay here for another day.他只是想在这再呆一天。 I have no choice but to tell you the truth. 我只有告诉你实话。 There was nothing to do but  (to) wait till help came. 只有等待救援了。 
* 如果谓语动词为实意动词do的某种形式时,but 后的不定式要省略符号to. 如: I can do nothing but let him know. 我只能通知她。 They did nothing but complain. 他们只是抱怨。 
6、  接从句 
Nothing would contend him but (that) I must come. 必须我来了他才能满意。 There’s no question but (that) he will succeed. 他一定会成功的。 四、由but 构成的几个常用结构 
1、  but for “多亏„” “要不是” 多用于虚拟语气 
But for your help,I wouldn’t have succeed. 要是没有你的帮忙,我就不会成功。 2、  not„but “不是„而是„” 
I meant not he but you should pay attention to pronunciation. 我说不是他而是你要注意发音。 
3、  not only„but also “不但„而且„” 
   Not only he but also I am interested in pop music. 不但他而且我也对流行歌曲感兴趣。 * 该结构可以并列任何两个句子成分,在并列两个主语时,要注意谓语动词与就近的主语一致。 
4、cannot help but “不得不”,后接动词原形 
We cannot help but admit that the Chinese people are a great people. 我们不得不承认,中华民族是一个伟大的民族. 当然,but 的用法还有很多,这里就不再赘述. 


 

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