(1)时间状语从句:在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。 时间状语的连接词:when(当…时候) while(当…时候) as(当…时候) after(在…以后) before(在…以前) as soon as(一…就) since(自从…到现在) till /until(直到…才) by the time(到…为止) 连接词后加陈述语序。 例:It was snowing when we got to the airport. (2)原因状语从句:在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。 连接词:由连词because, since, as等词引导。 ★ because 意为“因为”,表示造成某种情况的直接原因,语气最强,常用“why”提问 举例:He took off his coat because it was too hot in the room. ★ since往往表示众所周知的原因,多意为“既然” since从句通常位于主句之前,其语气比as稍强。 例如:Since you won't help me,I'll ask someone else. ★ as表示原因时,语气最弱,意为“由于” 例如:As you were out,I left a message for you. (3)条件状语从句:在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。 连接词:if如果, unless (=if not) 除非,as/so long as(只要),once(一旦) 举例:If I am free tomorrow,I will help you with your English. (4)目的、结果状语从句 目的状语从句连接词so that, in order that 引导。 例如:Speak louder so that the people in the hall can all hear you. 结果状语从句连接词 so…that, such…that, so( that) 举例:so…that 如此…以至于 I'm so knowledgeable that I can help students study. ★ so that 引导目的状语和结果状语的区分: 1.意思有区别 表示目的状语从句时,意思为: 以便, 为了,为使。 表示结果状语从句时,意思为: 结果是,所以。 2.引导目的状语从句常常与can, could,may,might,will,would,shall,should,等连用. 例如:So that everyone will notice her,she dresses like an angel. 3.引导目的状语从句通常不用逗号隔开,引导结果状语从句一般有逗号隔开。 例如:We’ll come at eight so that the meeting can begin early.(目的状语) We arrived early in the morning,so that we caught the first train.(结果状语) (5)让步状语从句 让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子 连接词: though, although,even though,even if though/although引导让步状语从句时,主句中不能再用but,但可以用yet 举例:Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. no matter引导让步状语从句: 结构:'no matter +特殊疑问词疑问词+陈述语序' 或'特殊疑问词+后缀ever+陈述语序' 如:whenever I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.=No matter when I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up. 类似此类还有: whatever=no matter what wherever=no matter where whoever=no matter who however=no matter how whenever=no matter when 注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。 (6)地点状语从句 在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句,可至于句首句中和句尾。常见引导词有where,wherever等。 例句:We live where the road crosses the river. (7)方式状语从句 方式状语从句常见引导词有:as(如同,按...方式),as if,as though等 ★ 方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或可能性很大时,通常用陈述语气。 例如:She looked a bit strange,as if/as though she knew something. ★ 方式状语从句所表示的情况不是事实,通常用虚拟语气,表示现在的情况用过去时,表示过去的情况用过去完成时。 例如:I remember the whole thing as if/as though it happened yesterday. |
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