首先了解什么是状语从句,什么是定语从句。 状语从句(Adverbial Clause) 状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。 定语从句(Attributive Clauses) 一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。 所以,最简单的办法是看where是否有指代先行词。 判断定语从句还是状语从句的区别,主要可以从以下三点来看:
例如: That's the hotel where we were staying last summer. 这就是我们去年夏天住过的旅馆。 What is the name of the town where you live? 你住的那个城市叫什么名字? 【注意】 where除了可以引导限制性定语从句外,也可以引导非限制性定语从句,如: We live in the mountains, where life is hard. 我们住在山里,那里的生活很艰难。 Then he moved to Beijing, where he lived for 10 years. 他后来搬到北京,在那里住了10年。 【考点】 where引导定语从句时,其先行词除了是表地点的名词外,有时也可能是某些抽象名词,如: It's put me in a position where I can't afford to take a job. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。 She had got to the point where she felt that she could not take any more. 她到了她觉得自己再也不能忍受的地步。
例如: Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet. 武汉位于长江和汉江交汇处。 They waved to us to stay where we were. 他们向我们挥手,要我们停在原地。 【注意】 where除指地点外,有时还可表示条件、处境等,这时可放在主句的前面,而where引导的定语从句则不能,如: Where the money is,there is power. 有钱就有势。 Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 Where there is water, there is life. 有水的地方就有生命。
例如: A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert. (=A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert. ) 在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。 Bam boo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. (=Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. ) 温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。 where除了可以引导状语从句和定语从句外,还可以引导以下句子: 1.引导主语从句 (1)where用于引导主语从句时,通常可直接位于句首,如: Where he has surpassed every other English writer is in his ballads and songs. 他胜过英国其他作家之处在于他的民歌与歌谣。 (2)有时也可在句首使用形式主语it,而将由where引导的主语从句置于句末,如: It's a nightmare worrying where the children might be. 担心孩子们在哪里简直是一场噩梦。 2.引导表语从句 用于引导表语从句,主要用作连系动词be的表语,此时句子主语通常是this或that,如: This is where we change from car to bus. 这就是我们从小汽车换乘公共汽车的地方。 That's where you are wrong. 这就是你不对的地方。 3.引导宾语从句 (1)where用于引导宾语从句,主要用作动词的宾语,如: If you read the instructions, you'll see where you went wrong. 你要是看一下说明书就知道你错在哪儿了。 (2)有时可用作介词的宾语,如: As if she was unsure of where she was,she hesitated and looked round. 她 仿佛茫然不知身在何处,犹犹豫豫向四周打量。 |
|
来自: 昵称51481188 > 《英语 文件夹1》