 Infertility Treatments That Work It's untrue that simply waiting it out will put an end to infertility. Like other medical conditions, there are treatments available for those experiencing infertility. At least half of couples undergoing infertility treatments will conceive, and technologies such as in vitro fertilization have brought about many pregnancies. Over 3 million babies have been born worldwide due to this technique. 治疗有效 不孕的夫妇随缘等待自然受孕是不现实的。和其他疾病一样，有很多方法可以治疗不孕不育，接受治疗后至少有一半的夫妇会受孕，例如体外受精为很多不孕症患者带来了福音，全世界有300多万体外受精的婴儿出生。  Symptoms of Infertility The main symptom of infertility is failure to conceive after a year of unprotected sex. This is the point at which most doctors recommend seeking fertility care. For women over age 35 who did not conceive after 6 months of trying or who have irregular menstrual cycles, seeing a fertility doctor as soon as possible is recommended. Male infertility is just as common as female infertility, so it's important that both partners be evaluated. 不孕症的症状 不育症的主要症状是经历1年无保护的性行为后没有怀孕。对于35岁以上，6个月正常性生活后没有怀孕，或月经周期不规律的女性，建议尽快寻求专业医生的帮助。男性不育和女性不孕一样常见，因此对夫妻双方同时进行医学评估很重要。  Male Infertility Male factors are responsible in about 40% of infertile couples. Male factors can include low sperm count, abnormal sperm appearance, blocked sperm ducts, or poor motility of the sperm. 男性不育 男方因素导致不孕不育约占40％，男性因素可能包括精子数量少、精子异常、输精管堵塞或精子活力差。  Female Infertility An additional 40% of infertile couples have problems traced to the female partner. These can include irregular or absent ovulation, blockages in the Fallopian tubes, or abnormalities in the reproductive organs. In the remaining 20% of infertile couples, no specific cause can be found. 女性不孕 另外40％的不孕不育的原因是女方因素导致的。女性不孕因素包括不规律或不排卵、输卵管堵塞，或生殖器官的异常。 剩下的20％不孕不育原因不明。  Tracking Ovulation Bad timing can contribute to a failure to conceive. Over-the-counter ovulation tests can help you figure out the time of ovulation (egg release) and determine the best time for sex. The tests measure levels of a hormone that increases 12 to 36 hours before ovulation. If the test results are unclear or consistently negative, consult your doctor. About one-third of all cases of infertility are related to irregular ovulation. 追踪排卵 受孕的时机不对会导致不孕。排卵测试有助于确定排卵时间、计划最佳受孕时机，排卵测试可检测到排卵前12-36小时的激素水平上升，如果测试结果不明确或持续阴性，请咨询医生。 约1/3的不孕不育病例与不规律排卵有关。  Fertility DrugsMedications are available to help women who do not ovulate regularly. Clomiphene citrate (Clomid or Serophene) is the most common of these medications. It is relatively effective and inexpensive, and about half of women who take it will conceive, usually within three cycles. Clomiphene may cause the release of more than one egg at a time, so there is an increased risk of a multiple pregnancy (a pregnancy of two or more fetuses). 促排卵药物 药物有助于女性规律排卵，克罗米芬（Clomid或Serophene）是最常见的促排卵药物，相对有效且价格便宜，3个疗程之内，大约一半的女性会怀孕，克罗米芬可以促使卵巢一次释放多个卵子，所以会增加多胎妊娠（两胎或更多胎妊娠）的风险。  Injectable Hormones After trying clomiphene for 6 months, women who have not conceived may be prescribed injections of hormones to stimulate ovulation. A number of different hormonal preparations are available. As with clomiphene, the chances of a multiple pregnancy are increased with hormone injections. 激素注射 服用克罗米芬6个月后仍没有怀孕的女性可以注射激素刺激排卵，有许多不同的激素制剂可以使用。与克罗米芬一样，激素注射也会增加多胎妊娠的风险。  Surgery for Blocked Fallopian Tubes Blockage or scarring of the Fallopian tubes prevents pregnancy in some women. This may be due to endometriosis (overgrowth of uterine lining tissue outside the uterus), previous surgeries, or damage as a result of previous pelvic infections. Laparoscopic surgery can remove scar tissue in some women, increasing their chances for pregnancy. 输卵管疏通术 输卵管堵塞或瘢痕形成会导致一些女性不孕。这可能是子宫内膜异位症、以前的手术、或盆腔感染造成的，腹腔镜手术可以去除这些瘢痕组织，增加受孕的机会。  Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is used to treat different kinds of infertility. In this technique, sperm is placed directly into the uterus at the time of ovulation, reducing the distance the sperm must travel to reach the egg. IUI is often used together with drugs to stimulate ovulation. Pregnancy rates are lower than with IVF, but this procedure is less expensive and less invasive, so it may be attempted first. 宫腔内人工授精（IUI） 宫腔内人工授精（IUI）可用于治疗不同类型的不孕不育。女性排卵时，将精子直接注入子宫，减少精子必须前进到达卵子的距离。IUI通常与促排卵药物一起使用。成功率低于体外受精IVF，但这种方法便宜，侵入性小，因此可以最先尝试。  IUI With Donor Sperm IUI can also be performed using sperm from a donor if the male partner has a low number of healthy sperm. Counseling is typically recommended prior to this choice since the child will be biologically unrelated to the father. IUI with donor sperm is very successful in fertile women, with a cumulative pregnancy rate of over 80%. 供体精子的宫腔内人工授精IUI 如果男方的健康精子数量少，也可用供体的精子进行IUI，做这个选择前要考虑清楚，因为孩子在生物学上和父亲是无关。供体精子的IUI对于有生育能力的女性来说成功率可高达80％以上。
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) IVF combines the egg and sperm in a laboratory, and can be an option when other treatments have failed. Embryos created in the lab are placed inside the uterus. IVF involves hormone injections and a surgical procedure to retrieve eggs from the female partner, and it can be costly. However, success rates are improving. Pregnancy rates per cycle range from 10% in women aged 43 to 44 to 46% in women under 35. Several cycles of treatment may be necessary. 体外受精/试管婴儿（IVF） 当其它治疗方法都失败后可考虑体外受精，体外受精是在实验室中将卵子和精子结合，再将实验室中孕育的胚胎植入到女方的子宫内。IVF需要激素注射以及从女方卵巢内提取卵子，成本较高，体外受精一次的成功率43-44岁的女性为10％，35岁以下的女性为46％，所以需要数个疗程来提高成功率。  IVF With ICSI When problems have been identified with a man's sperm, a procedure called intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may be recommended along with IVF. This is a laboratory-assisted fertilization that involves inserting a single sperm directly into an egg. The embryos that form are transferred to the uterus in the same way as IVF embryos. Most IVF cycles now also use ICSI 单精子胞浆内注射(ICSI)的体外受精当确定男方的精子存在问题，也可选择单精子胞浆内注射(ICSI)的技术，这也是实验室辅助受精，将单个精子直接注入到卵子内，再将形成的胚胎植入子宫，大多数体外受精在使用ICSI技术。 IVF With Donor Eggs Women who have poor egg quality, are older, or who have not had success with previous IVF cycles, may choose to consider IVF with donor eggs and her partner's sperm. The resulting baby is biologically related to the father and not the mother, although the mother carries the pregnancy. IVF using fresh embryos from donor eggs has a high success rate, resulting in live births 55% of the time. 卵子供体的体外受精 如果女方卵子质量差、年龄较大或常规的体外受精未成功的女性，可以考虑选择供体的卵子和丈夫的精子进行体外受精，尽管是妈妈怀孕，但出生的宝宝和妈妈在生物学上并无关系。利用供体卵子孕育的新鲜胚胎具有较高成功率，通常生出宝宝的机率为55％。 IVF and Multiples When embryos are transferred to the uterus in IVF, it is typical to transfer 2-4 embryos at once, increasing the likelihood of pregnancy but also increasing the likelihood of a multiple pregnancy. It's important to discuss this possibility with your fertility specialist, since a multiple pregnancy is associated with increased risks, such as premature birth, high blood pressure, anemia, miscarriage, and other complications. 体外受精和多胎妊娠 胚胎植入子宫过程中，通常会一次性植入2-4个胚胎，可增加怀孕的可能性，但同时也增加多胎妊娠的可能性，多胎妊娠会增加早产、高血压、贫血、流产和其他并发症的风险。 IVF with Blastocyst Transfer Blastocyst transfer is a relatively new IVF technology. Traditionally, IVF embryos were transferred to the uterus when they were at a stage of having 2 to 8 cells. In this procedure, the embryos grow for 5 days until they reach a later stage of development known as the blastocyst stage. Then, one or two blastocysts are transferred to the uterus. This eliminates the possibility of triplets and retains the high success rate of IVF. 囊胚植入术 囊胚植入术是一种相对较新的体外受精技术。传统上，当体外受精的胚胎发育至2-8个细胞的阶段时，将其植入子宫内。在囊胚期胚胎植入术中，胚胎在体外生长5天发育至囊胚期后，再将一个或两个囊胚植入子宫。这消除了三胞胎的可能性，并保证了体外受精的的较高成功率。 Donor Embryos Donor embryos are embryos donated by couples who have completed the IVF process. Transferring donor embryos is less costly than standard IVF or IVF with donor eggs. This procedure allows the experience of pregnancy. The baby will be biologically unrelated to either parent. 胚胎供体 胚胎供体是由已经完成体外受精的夫妇捐赠的胚胎。植入供体胚胎的成本比常规体外受精或供体卵子IVF都低。婴儿与父母在生物学上均无关系。 Surrogate Pregnancy Surrogacy can be an option for women who have trouble carrying a pregnancy to term. Traditional surrogacy involves insemination of the surrogate with the male partner's sperm. Gestational surrogacy is another option that involves using IVF to create embryos from both partners and transferring these embryos to the uterus of the surrogate. This option allows the baby to be biologically related to both the male and female partners. 代孕 怀孕足月有困难的女性可选择代孕。传统的代孕包括用男方精子授精代孕；妊娠代孕是另一个方法，用父母的精子和卵子在体外受精，再将胚胎植入到代孕者的子宫内，婴儿和父母存在生物学关系。 Choosing Your Fertility Clinic The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) keeps records comparing IVF success rates for clinics around the nation, but these should not be your only factor in choosing a fertility treatment clinic. Ask questions about procedures and costs when choosing a clinic, and be sure you feel comfortable with your choice. 生育机构的选择 美国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）保存了全国范围内医疗机构体外受精成功率的记录，但这不是您选择生育机构的唯一因素，在选择生育机构时询问具体的体外受精技术以及相关的费用，确定您对自己的选择感到满意。 Boost Fertility With Natural Methods A few lifestyle changes can increase your chance of a healthy pregnancy, no matter where you are in the treatment process. Both partners, if smokers, should quit. Smoking reduces fertility and is known to reduce pregnancy rates. A study of sperm counts showed dramatic increases in men who stopped smoking. Eat a nutritious diet, and ask your doctor if dietary supplements might be recommended for you. 提高生育能力的自然方法 一些生活方式的改变可以增加怀孕的机会。无论是否处于治疗过程中，夫妻双方，如果有吸烟者，应该戒烟，吸烟会降低生育能力、减少怀孕机会。研究显示，男性戒烟后精子数量显著增加，另外要健康饮食，补充营养。 Using Acupuncture for Infertility? Some couples are trying acupuncture to boost fertility. There is research to indicate acupuncture might improve uterine blood circulation, help regulate ovulation, increase sperm count, and improve rates of success with IVF. 针灸治疗不孕不育？ 有些夫妇尝试用针灸提高生育能力。研究显示针灸可能会改善子宫的血液循环、有助于规律地排卵、增加精子数量、提高体外受精的成功率。 Moving On |
|
|
来自： zhangsanshi211 > 《英语》
