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1）that和which。 我们知道，关系代词that既可以代指人，也可以代指物。 在代指人时，who和that都可以。 在代指物时，要注意关系代词that和which的辨析， 一句话：两个“之后”只能用which，三种先行词只能用that 其余情形一般that和which通用。 ①He has achieved his ambitions, whichmakes him happy.（逗号之后） ②Is this the room in whichyou live?（介词之后） ③I ampleased with allthat you have given me. （先行词为不定代词或被不定代词修饰） ④This is the best film that I have ever seen. （先行词被序数词形容词最高级等限定词修饰） ⑤They talked about the persons and things that theyremembered.（先行词即有人又有物） 2）限制性和非限制性定语从句 首先我们来看个有趣的小故事《一个逗号使得英国牧师一丝不挂》 一位牧师不愿穿牧师制服，便说：I will wear no clothes which will distinguish me from my fellowmen．（我不愿穿使我与众不同的衣服。）结果他的话登报排版时出了错，多了个逗号，变成了：I will wear no clothes, which will distinguish me from my fellowmen.（我什么都不穿，这将使我与众不同。） 两种定语从句的区别如下表： 3）the same as和the same that ①This is the same bike as I have lost. 这辆自行车跟我丢的那辆一样。(表同一类) ②This is the same bike that I have lost. 这正是我丢的那辆自行车。(表同一个)
4）that引导的定语从句和名词性从句 ①.He didn't follow the suggestion that I gave him.(that引导定语从句，限定修饰前面的名词，充当从句宾语，可以省略） ②.He didn't follow my suggestion that he should work hard.（that引导同位语从句，解释说明前面名词的内容，不做任何成分，不可省略）
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