|
定语从句对于初高中的学生来说都是十分熟悉的内容了，每个阶段学习关于定语从句的内容都有所区别，今天橙子妈妈要和小伙伴们一起探讨的是关于限制性和非限制性定语从句之间的异同。 一、限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as；关系副词有where，when，why。 This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday. 这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。 The woman who/that survived the accident is Amy's English teacher. 在事故中幸存的那个女人是埃米的英语老师。 二、非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句作些附加说明。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。 He is English，whichI know from his accent. 他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。 I heard a terrible noise，which brought my heart into my mouth. 我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。 三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 项目 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 与先行词之间不用逗号隔开 与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开 功能 与先行词的关系十分密切，限制了先行词的意义。如果去掉该从句，剩余部分的意思往往不完整，甚至失去意义 是先行词的附加说明，如去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整 先行词 先行词一般为单个的名词或代词 先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分 引导词 可用所有的关系代词/副词引导，且关系词作宾语时可省略 在所有的关系词中不能用that或why引导非限制性定语从句，且其他引导词不能省略 People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人更长寿。(若把从句去掉，句子意义不完整) His daughter，whois in Boston now，is coming home next week.他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉句子意义仍然完整) Peter drove too fast，whichwas dangerous. 彼得开车太快了，这是很危险的。(which指代drive too fast) He changed his mind，which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句) 定语从句习题巩固训练 Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1．I shall never forget those years when I lived in the country with the farmers，which has a great effect on my life. 2．His parents wouldn't marry her to anyone whose family was poor. 3．Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city，as happened in Tangshan in 1976. 4．My most famous relative of all，the one who really left his mark on America，was Rob Sussel，my great grandfather. 5．Finally the thief handed in everything that he had stolen to the police. 6．This was the reason that/why he was late yesterday. 7．Some pre－school children go to a day care center，where they learn simple games and songs. 8．This is the place where I lived three years ago. 9．This is the place that/which we visited three years ago. 10．This is the best dictionary that I've ever bought. Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1．Which is known to the world，the 2018 World Cup will be held in Russia. Which→As 2．Jim passed the driving test，it surprised everybody in the office. it→which或在it前加上and 3．It is such a big stone that nobody can lift. that→as或在lift后加it 4．Our teacher is very strict with us，that does much good to us. that→which或在that前加上and 5．He will come to see me next July，which he won't be so busy. which→when 6．The reason why he explained to me is not proper. 去掉why或why→that/which 7．They talked about the things and persons whom they remembered when they were young. whom→that 8．He has two sons，both of them are teachers. them→whom或在both前加上and Ⅲ.补全句子 1．I have a cousin who__works__in__a__hospital． 我有一个在医院上班的表妹。 2．Do you like the book whose__color__is__red? 你喜欢颜色是红色的书吗？ 3．There are over fifty students in our class，most__of__whom__are__admitted__tothe key universities. 我们班有50多名学生，大部分都被重点大学录取了。 4.As__we__all__know，smoking is harmful to one's health. 我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。 5．Alice received an invitation from her boss，which__made__her__surprised． Alice收到了老板的邀请，这让她大为吃惊。 |
|
|
