残余应力分类与评估

1 残余应力.................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 残余应力的定义及分类 ....................................................................................... 1 1.2残余应力的本质 .................................................................................................... 1 1.3残余应力的影响 .................................................................................................... 1 2 残余应力的消除方法 ............................................................................................... 3 3 残余应力的测定与评估 ........................................................................................... 4 3.1无损检测法 ............................................................................................................ 5 3.1.1 钻孔法.................................................................................................................. 5 3.1.2 环芯法.................................................................................................................. 6 3.1.3 剥层法.................................................................................................................. 6 3.2无损检测法 ............................................................................................................ 6 3.2.1 X射线衍射法....................................................................................................... 6 3.2.2 中子衍射法.......................................................................................................... 7 3.2.3 超声波法.............................................................................................................. 8 3.2.4 磁测法.................................................................................................................. 9