1.exert…on… 对…施加…
exert原始涵义：
vt.1.竭力；努力
He never exerts himself to help anyone.他从未尽力帮助别人。
2.运用, 发挥, 施加
He likes to exert his authority.他喜欢行使自己的权力。
造句：
These separating flows exert tension on the ceiling.
这两股分开的气流对天花板施加一个压力。
2. exert oneself to do sth. 努力,使劲
造句：
There are many things we have to exert ourselves to do; Here I will deal only with two fundamental aspects, the progress of the army and the progress of the people.
应该努力的事情很多，我这里只说最根本的两方面：军队和人民的进步。
3.come into existence
=begin to exist
开始存在;
come into use开始使用;
come into effect开始运转;
come into fashion开始时新;
come into action开始行动;
come into power开始执政;
come into sight进入视野;
come into blossom开花;
真题重现：
He also conceived that the solar system and the universe had come into existence by a natural process and would disappear one day.
他也认为，太阳系和宇宙是自然形成，所以有一天可能会消失。 (1994完形)
造句：
When did this world come into existence?
这个世界何时产生的？
New things come into fashion all the time.
新产品总是很快就会流行起来。
These trees come into blossom early in the middle of summer.
这些树在仲夏时开花。
4.(be) in existence存在
造句：
You are the most selfish, heartless creature in existence.
=你是世界是最自私、最没良心的家伙。
5.expect…of 在…期望…
expect原始涵义：
vt.1.预料; 预期
She expects to fail the exam.她预料无法通过考试。
2.认为(某事)会发生; 认为(某人)会来; 预计
I expect a storm.我预计会有一场暴风雨。
3.理应得到; 期望, 期待; 期盼
We expect writers to produce more and better works.
我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
4.猜想; 认为某事是真实的
I expect (that) you are tired from the trip.我想你旅途劳顿了吧。
造句：
That is what the british people expect of their queen.
那就是英国人对他们女王的期望。
