高中英语每日一题-过去分词作定语和表语

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高考频度：★★★☆☆  难易程度：★★☆☆☆

1.（2017·北京）Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.

A. to spend     

B. spend       

C. spending    

D. spent

【参考答案】D

【拓展延伸】

作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。过去分词作定语分为前置和后置两种情况。

1．前置定语

单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。由及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，表示“被动和完成”含义，或只具有“被动”含义；由不及物动词转化而来的过去分词作定语，只表“完成”含义。

（1）被动和完成含义：

☞We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions．

我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。

（2）被动含义：

☞She is a respected teacher．她是一位受人尊敬的老师。

（3）完成含义：

☞They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard．

他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。

2．后置定语

过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。

☞This will be the best novel of its kind ever written (＝that has ever been written)．

这将是这类小说中写得最好的。

2. (2014·福建) For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying ________.

A. connected

B. connecting

C. to connect

D. to be connected

【参考答案】A

【拓展延伸】

过去分词作表语，通常表示主语所处的一种状态。

☞His colleagues were surprised at his absurd behaviour．同事们对他那荒诞的行为感到吃惊。

☞The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains．这座城市三面环山。

1. Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse______ to guard her.

A.to appoint

B.appointing

C.appointed

D.having appointed

2. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_________ to our shop for quality problems.

A.returning    

B.returned

C.to return

D.to be returned

3. There are still many problems_________before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.

A.solving

B.solved

C.being solved

D.to be solved

4．It is said that listening to music makes a person feel__________ when he is tired.

A.relaxing

B.relaxed

C.relax

D.relaxes

5．You sound very much __________in the job, which makes me excited.

A.interested

B.interesting

C.interestingly

D.interestedly

6．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________as the plane was making a landing.

A.seat

B.seating

C.seated

D.to be seating

3.D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在我们准备长时间待在月球上之前仍旧有很多问题需要解决。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作定语。又根据语境可知此处表示没有发生的事,应用不定式形式,同时solve和problems之间为动宾关系,因此用不定式的被动式,故选D项。 

4.B【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意:据说,当一个人疲劳时,听音乐能够让他感到放松。relaxing修饰物;relaxed修饰人。故选B。

5.A【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意:听起来你对这份工作很感兴趣,这点让我很兴奋。句中sound意为'听起来',是系动词,后接表语,要用形容词;因为修饰人,故用interested。

6.C【解析】考查过去分词作表语。句意:驾驶员要求飞机上的所有旅客坐着不要动,因为飞机正在着陆。remain作系动词,后接表语,而seat的过去分词可以作表语表示状态。