英语写作中的过渡与衔接

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英语写作中的过渡与衔接

 

书面表达的评分标准把衔接和连贯是作为核心标准来要求的。之所以如此强调衔接和连贯，是因为这是构成语篇的最基本的条件。语句间的连接成份是衡量衔接与连贯很重要的标准之一。构成语篇连接成份的过渡词语，被称为“篇章纽带”，其语篇衔接作用是不言而喻的，学生要学会正确恰当地使用这些表示逻辑关系的关联词语，使文章前后连贯，结构紧凑，过渡自然。

一、表示过渡与衔接的常用方式

表示顺序的：first, then, finally 等

表示时间的：in the past, now, at present, in the future 等

表示转折的：but, however; on the contrary, in the mean while, at the same time, instead, unfortunately, after all 等

表示递进的：What's more, besides, even, moreover, furthermore 等

表示并列的：as well as, both...and, neither...nor, either...or, some... some...等

表示因果的：because, as, now that, so, therefore 等

表示列举的：for example, for instance, such as 等

表示总结的：in a word, in all, in short, in brief, in conclusion 等

表示对比的：while, on one hand, on the other hand, in the same way, just as 等

表示程度的：first of all, above all, again and again等

表示强调的：indeed, certainly, of course, surely, above all 等

 

二、合理安排句型

1. 注意把意思相近、相似、互为补充的句子，修饰合为一个复杂句，使重点突出，并且要明确内在的逻辑关系。如：

When it is my birthday, my mother will cook some dishes to celebrate my birth, or she will give me some money to buy whatever I want.

改为：To celebrate my birthday, my mother always cooks some dishes or gives me some money to buy whatever I want.

改后的句子有两句变为一句，句义更易理解，逻辑更清楚。

2. 注意中文和英文两种语言的区别

(1) 英文把中心句放在句首，而中文放在句末。如：见到你很高兴。

I’m very glad to see you again.

(2) 中文中主语多为人称代词，而英语中，人称代词、名词、动名词短语、不定式、从句等等都能作主语。如：

It’s important to learn English well.

Where and when will the meeting be held has not been decided.

We aim at quality rather than quantity.

The article is beautifully written.

One should do his best to help others.

(3) 英文常用被动语态，而中文常用主动语态。如：

明天讨论这个问题。

The problem will be discussed tomorrow.

 

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