Nature：非抗生素药物对人类肠道细菌的巨大影响

 1,000多种药物的筛选显示，约四分之一的非抗生素药物在体外抑制至少一种共生菌株的生长。

【题目】非抗生素药物对人类肠道细菌的巨大影响

【摘要】最近几种常用的非抗生素药物与肠道微生物组成的变化有关，但这种现象的程度尚不清楚。在这里，我们筛选了超过1000种市售药物与40种代表性肠道细菌菌株，发现24％含有人类靶标的药物，包括所有治疗药物，在体外抑制至少一种菌株的生长。特定的类别，如化学多样性抗精神病药物，在这一类型中的比例过高。人类靶向药物对肠道细菌的影响反映在它们对人类的抗生素样副作用，并且与现有的人类队列研究一致。对抗生素和人类靶向药物的易感性与细菌种类相关，我们对某些药物进行验证的结果提示常见的耐药机制。非抗生素促进抗生素耐药性的潜在风险值得进一步探讨。我们的研究结果为未来药物 - 微生物组相互作用研究提供了资源，为副作用控制和药物再利用开辟了新的途径，并扩增了我们对抗生素耐药性这一观点的认识。

英文原文

【title】 Extensive impact of non-antibiotic drugs on human gut bacteria

【report】 A screen of more than 1,000 drugs shows that about a quarter of the non-antibiotic drugs inhibit the growth of at least one commensal bacterial strain in vitro.

【authors】Lisa Maier, Mihaela Pruteanu, Michael Kuhn, Georg Zeller, Anja Telzerow, Exene Erin Anderson, Ana Rita Brochado, Keith Conrad Fernandez, Hitomi Dose, Hirotada Mori, Kiran Raosaheb Patil, Peer Bork & Athanasios Typas

【abstract】A few commonly used non-antibiotic drugs have recently been associated with changes in gut microbiome composition, but the extent of this phenomenon is unknown. Here, we screened more than 1,000 marketed drugs against 40 representative gut bacterial strains, and found that 24% of the drugs with human targets, including members of all therapeutic classes, inhibited the growth of at least one strain in vitro. Particular classes, such as the chemically diverse antipsychotics, were overrepresented in this group. The effects of human-targeted drugs on gut bacteria are reflected on their antibiotic-like side effects in humans and are concordant with existing human cohort studies. Susceptibility to antibiotics and human-targeted drugs correlates across bacterial species, suggesting common resistance mechanisms, which we verified for some drugs. The potential risk of non-antibiotics promoting antibiotic resistance warrants further exploration. Our results provide a resource for future research on drug–microbiome interactions, opening new paths for side effect control and drug repurposing, and broadening our view of antibiotic resistance.

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