一、复合不定代词是什么? 复合不定代词是由两部分组成,表示不明确对象的代词。 二、复合不定代词有哪些? 复合不定代词都是由every(每一)、some(某一)、any(任一)、no(无一)和body(人)、one(人)、thing(事物)的相互组合,分别是: everybody(每一人)、everyone(每一人)、everything(每一事物); somebody(某人,举足轻重的人、名人)、someone(某人)、something(某物); anybody(任何人),anyone(任何人),anything(任何事物); nobody(没有人,一文不名的人,无名小卒)、no one(没有人)、nothing(没有事物)。 三、复合不定代词的用法注意事项: 1.some-类复合不定代词和any-类复合不定代词的用法区别。 和some、any的用法一样,some-类的复合不定代词,一般用在肯定句中;any-类的复合不定代词,一般用在疑问句和否定句中。当然,no-类复合不定代词本身就表示否定。 I have someting to tell you.我有事要告诉你。(肯定句) Do you have anythng to tell me?你有什么事和我说吗?(疑问句) Somebody/Someone is knocking at the door.有人敲门。(肯定句) There isn't anything in the room.房间里什么都没有。=There is nothing in the room.(否定句) 注意1:在希望得到肯定答案的委婉的疑问句中,也要用some-类的复合不定代词(somebody/someone/something),这个用法和some也是一样的。例如: Would you like something to eat?你想吃点什么吗? 这样的句型通常有以下几类: 表示请求的疑问句: Could you ....?你能....吗? May I.....?我可以....吗? Would/Do you mind+(my)doing?你介意(我)....吗? 表示建议的疑问句: Would you like ......?你想要.....吗? What/How about ......?.....怎么样? Why don't we/you .......?=Why not.....?为什么不......? 注意2:any-类的复合不定代词也可以用在肯定句中,表示“任何...”的意思。例如: Tom is taller than anyone else in his class.汤姆比他班里其他任何人都高。 2.主谓一致。 复合不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。 Something is wrong with my watch.我的手表出毛病了。 Is everybody here?大家都到齐了吗? 3.定语后置。 当形容词作定语修饰复合不定代词时,要放在不定代词之后。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。(此句中important作定语修饰something) 4.复合不定代词的替代问题。 上文中的含有-one、-body这类指人的复合不定代词,下文可以用he/him/his代替,非正式文中也可以用复数they/them/their代替。 上文中的含有-thing的这类指物的复合不定代词,下文中用it代替。 If anyone comes,please let him wait for a moment.如果有人来,请让他等一会。 Everybody knows that,doesn't he?(或don't they?)大家都知道这件事,是吧? 5.复合不定代词的所有格问题。 除了包含--thing的复合不定代词外,其它的复合不定代词都可以加’s变成所有格;注意:如果复合不定代词后面带有else,则在else上加's变成所有格。 Everybody's business is nobody's business.大家的事没人管。 This isn't my book.It must be someone else's.这不是我的书,它一定是别人的。 6.关于复合不定代词的全部否定和部分否定。 复合不定代词的全部否定:大家都知道,no=not.....any,表示否定,而且是全部否定。复合不定代词的全部否定也是这样,nobody=not....anybody,no one=not....anyone,nothing=not....anything表示全部否定。 例如:I don't know anything about it.=I know nothing about it.关于此事我一无所知。 复合不定代词的部分否定:not everybody(并非所有人)、not everyone(并非所有人)、not everything(并非所有事物)。例如: I know most of the students,but I don't know everyone.我认识大部分学生,但是我不认识所以的学生。 Not everybody likes playing basketball.不是所有人都喜欢打篮球。 7.连写和分写区别很大。 someone,anyone,everyone,no one,都只能指“人”,而且不能与表示范围的of短语连用。 some one,any one,every one,none,则既能指“人”又能指“物”,而且能与表示范围的of短语连用。 注意:回答 who问句一般用 no one或nobody;回答how many问句一般用 none;回答what问句一般用nothing。例如: --Who was absent? --No one(nobody). 谁缺席了?谁也没有缺席。 --How many students are there in the meeting room now? --None. 会议室里现在有多少学生?一个都没有。 --What's in your pocket?--Nothing.你口袋里有什么?什么都没有。 8.特别含义:somebody还可以指“重要人物,大人物”,而nobody则还有“无关紧要的人,小人物”的意思。做题时一定要通过上下文读懂意思。 四、真题检测: 1.---Hi,boys and girls.Is _____here?---No,sir.Tom is absent. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody 2.I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ______. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nobody 3.It's lunch time.I'd like to eat______. A. anything special B. something special C. special anything D. special something 4.Everything goes well, ______? A. is it B. isn’t it C. do they D. doesn’t it 5.--- Who’s in the classroom? ? --- ______. A.None B.No one C.Anyone 6._____ of them can speak Chinese. A.None B.No one C.Anyone 7.---How many dogs are there in the picture?---_____. A.None B.No one C.Anyone 8.---What can you see in the dark room?---_____. A.None B.No one C.Anyone D.Nothing 9.She is a super star and very popular.But she was a nobody ten years ago. 句子nobody的意思是_______。 A. a famous person B. an unknown person C. an important person 10.改错:Anything is not wrong with your car.(✘) 应改成:_____ ____ _____ with your car.(✔) 参考答案:1C2C3B4D5B 6A7A8D9B10Nothing is wrong 如有讹误,敬请指正! |
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