各种考试绝对用得上的“非谓语动词”解析—过去分词

*考点点拨*

一、 过去分词作表语

过去分词作表语时，主要用在be动词或连系动词之后，往往表示主语的状态或状况。例如：

a. I’m very excited to hear the good news.

b. All the tourists remained stuck in the mountains because of the heavy snow.

【注意】

过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语主要强调的是主语的状态，而被动语态主要强调的是动作。例如：

a. The novel is well written. (过去分词作表语，表示特征)

b. The novel was written in 2001. (被动语态，强调写的动作)

二、 过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词之后，往往可以用定语从句替换。例如：

a. Most of us are satisfied with the decision made at the meeting.

b. Things lost never come again.

三、 过去分词作宾语补足语

过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动或完成的意义。能接过去分词作宾语补足语的几种动词：

(1) 表示感官、感觉、意愿的动词。如：see, watch, hear, feel, notice, want, wish等。例如：

a. Alina, I can smell something burnt. Could you find it out?

b. Sophie wants her paintings displayed at the art gallery.

c. I wish the work completed in two weeks.

(2) 表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。例如：

Steven set the alarm to keep himself reminded of his getting up.

此外，在with的复合结构中也可用过去分词。例如：

With all the work finished, the man decided to go home and have a good sleep.

四、 过去分词作状语

(1) 过去分词作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。例如：

Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our parcels unless we kept the dog on a chain.

Born and brought up in the village, the twins don’t have the chance to get a good education.

(2) 过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。

如果主语不一致，需要在分词前面加上逻辑主语。有些过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。例如：

Judy stayed in her laboratory, absorbed in her study of medicine.

(3) 过去分词作状语，有时可根据需要加上适当的连词 (when, while, until, once, if, unless, though等)，构成“连词 + 过去分词”结构作状语。例如：

When heated, ice can be changed into water.

Though surprised to see us, the host gave us a warm welcome.

*经典习题*

1.This school, ______ hundreds of years ago, has become famous worldwide.

A. build

B. building

C. built

D. to build

2.The photo ______ by the famous photographer is valuable.

A. takes

B. took

C. taking

D. taken

3. There is something wrong with my bike. I’m going to get it ______ .

A. repairs

B. to repair

C. repairing

D. repaired

KEY：1-3 CDD