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当我还是虫宝宝的时候，虫妈成天碎碎念：“作业没有写完就不可以吃饭！”虫子长大以后，虫妈就改口了：“工作没有做完就不可以吃饭！”（论搬家的必要性） 虫妈昨晚又叨叨了，虫子也乖乖照做了。也就是说，手头的事情先做完了，然后才吃的饭。 画一条时间轴，应该是酱的：时间轴的最右边为现在： “干完活儿”和“开饭”，两个都是过去的动作；其中，“干完活儿”先发生，比“开饭”这个动作还要再过去一点。这也是老师们常把先发生的动作叫做“过去的过去”的原因。 这个概念弄懂后，学习「过去完成时」就简单多了。总体原则是：对于两个过去的动作，先发生的用「过去完成时」，后发生的用「一般现在时」。 01 知识点梳理概念：“过去的过去” 结构：had + 过去分词 常用时间状语： 例句： 注：对于 before，after 引导的从句，动作发生的先后顺序很明显，用一般过去时也可以。所以，在正常情况下，上句可改成：Did you feed the cat before you went to work? 02 固定搭配▶ no sooner (A) than (B) “刚做A，B就发生了”，指A、B前后两个动作，时间上离得比较近。 从 A 到 B，分别是按顺序的先发生、后发生的动作。所以，A用过去完成时，B用一般过去时。 《新概念英语2》38课出现过这个句型，讲了一个衣锦还乡的英国人，光速买房又卖房离开的无厘头故事。 该句式常跟 as soon as…（一……就……） 换着用。上面的例句，也可以改为： As soon ashe had returned, he bought a house. ▶ hardly (A) when (B) 它是 no sooner (A) than (B) 的姊妹句式，意思相近，“刚做A，B就发生了”，“还没来得及做 A，B就发生了”。 又说回那个英国人： 注：A先发生，用过去完成时；B后发生，用一般过去时。 ▶It was the first time that… ……第一次…… 隔壁女神钢琴十级，她国际孤独十级，都还不错啦。 注：举一反三，first 可以替换成 second, third 等其他序数词。 03 课后练习1. When I ________ (arrive) home last night, I discovered that Honey ________ (prepare) a beautiful candlelight dinner. 2. Since I began acting, I ________ (perform) in two plays, a television commercial and a TV drama. However, I (speak, never even) publicly before I came to Hollywood in 2010. 3. By the time I got to the office, the meeting ________ (begin, already) without me. My boss ________(be) furious with me and I ________(be) fired. 4. When I ________(turn) the radio on yesterday, I ________(hear) a song that was popular when I was in high school. I ________(hear, not) the song in years, and it ________(bring) back some great memories. 5. Last week, I ________(run) into an ex of mine. We ________ (see, not) each other in years, and both of us ________ (change) a great deal. I ________ (enjoy) talking to him so much that I ________ (ask) him out on a date. We are getting together tonight for dinner. 6. When Jack ________ (enter) the room, I ________ (recognize, not) him because he ________ (lose) so much weight and ________ (grow) a beard. He looked totally different! 7. The Maya established a very advanced civilization in the jungles of the Yucatan; however, their culture ________(disappear, virtually) by the time Europeans first ________ (arrive) in the New World. 8. I ________ (visit) so many beautiful places since I ________ (come) to Utah. Before moving here, I ________ (hear, never) of Bryce Canyon, Zion, Arches, or Canyonlands. |
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