|
疯狂的建筑 17 April 2019 巴黎圣母院(Cathédrale Notre Dame de Paris)是一座位于法国巴黎市中心、西堤岛上的教堂建筑，也是天主教巴黎总教区的主教座堂，约建造于1163年到1250年间，历时180多年，属哥特式建筑形式，是法兰西岛地区的哥特式教堂群里面，非常具有关键代表意义的一座。 巴黎圣母院是古老巴黎的象征。它矗立在塞纳河畔，位于整个巴黎城的中心。它的地位、历史价值无与伦比，是历史上最为辉煌的建筑之一。该教堂以其哥特式的建筑风格，祭坛、回廊、门窗等处的雕刻和绘画艺术，以及堂内所藏的13～17世纪的大量艺术珍品而闻名于世。虽然这是一幢宗教建筑，但它闪烁着法国人民的智慧，反映了人们对美好生活的追求与向往。 昨日惊闻它遭遇大火浩劫，主结构危急，文物受损程度难以评估，东方君嗟叹惋惜，这是世界文明的损失，是全人类文化瑰宝的缺憾。法国总统马克龙已宣布将重建巴黎圣母院，但该工程困难重重，恐怕旷世大作难再现。 说起世界闻名的建筑，东方君今天整理了一份国外特殊的建筑名单，这些都是疯狂的建筑天才的杰作。 假如让你独自一人花上数十年盖座楼，你会怎么想？“疯了！”恐怕会是你最先想到的字眼。但你能想象吗？有的人的确这样做了，而且他们独自打造的建筑还都成了著名的景观。但他们却并非建筑专家，有的甚至根本都不懂建筑。 构思、设计和建造一座普通的建筑需要多少人？设计师、建筑师、木匠和工人仅仅是长长的建造者名单的开始。不过，下面这些异乎寻常的意外之作几乎每座都主要是一个奇人的个人杰作，其中很多的建造都耗时几十年(甚至是这些奇人的一生)。尽管有这一重要共性，这些有着极端造型的成果的风格、做工、用料和目的却大相径庭。 Palace Idéal, France 法国的“理想宫”  Facteur Cheval was a mild-mannered mailman by day and a wildly inspired pseudo-architect and builder by night. His strange architectural masterpiece, the so-called Palais Idéal took him decades to construct and was finished in the early 1900s. Cheval had no formal design or construction training and learned as he went, day by day, for over 10,000 days with few people aware of his creation until it was completed. It is now one of the most famous scenic sports in France. 法克特·舍瓦尔白天是一位文质彬彬的邮差，晚上则是一位灵感迸发的伪设计师和建筑师。他那号称“理想宫”的奇异建筑杰作耗时数十年，到20世纪初才建成。舍瓦尔并没有受过正规的设计或建筑培训，他日复一日，边学边建，干了上万天才建成“理想宫”。此前，几乎无人知晓他的杰作，而如今那里却是法国最著名的景点之一。    Wooden Skyscraper, Russia 俄罗斯的“强盗房”  Nikolai Sutyagin, a former gangster, started this amazing wooden skyscraper as a simple two-story structure, and then he just kept building. The building now stands 13 stories (144 feet) tall and is under threat of demolition out of safety concerns by authorities. Taking what he learned (and earned) as the owner of a small construction company he built this masterpiece. While in jail for supposedly imprisoning a worker in part of the building, his business went to pieces. Now the strange wooden skyscraper is all Sutyagin has left. 曾经当过强盗的尼古拉·苏佳金起初只是想修建一栋简单的两层建筑，而之后他的不停扩建最终成就了这座让人叹为观止的木质摩天大楼。这一建筑现在高达13层(144英尺)，因为安全原因面临被当局拆除的危险。他用经营小建筑公司学到的建筑知识(和赚到的钱)修筑了这一杰作。后来他因为涉嫌将一名工人关押在该建筑中的某个地方而入狱，他的生意也因此一蹶不振。现在苏佳金就只剩下这一奇怪的木质高楼了。 Watts Towers, Los Angeles 洛杉矶的华兹塔  Simon Rodia was an Italian immigrant who moved all around the United States before settling in Los Angeles. What started out as a few random art projects became a vast and semi-abstract architectural masterpiece known as the Watts Towers, complete with a gazebo, fountain, bird baths and other assorted structures reaching up to 100 feet in height. These were comprised of shells, scrap metal, pottery shards, rocks, glass and pretty much any other random material Simon could find. For the main structural elements he employed steel, cement, mortar and wire mesh and assembled all of his creations without the assistance of scaffolding. 西蒙·罗迪亚是一位意大利移民，在定居洛杉矶前他曾在美国的很多地方生活过。他起初只是随意尝试几个艺术项目，结果后来发展成为一个被称作“华兹塔”的庞大、半抽象的建筑杰作。华兹塔里有塔楼、喷泉、鸟浴盆和其他各式建筑，最高处达100英尺。西蒙用贝壳、废金属、陶片、石头、玻璃和其他所有他能找到的材料建造了这些东西。他用钢铁、水泥、灰浆和铁丝网来构造主体部分，并且没有使用脚手架就将所有这些部件组装到了一起。  洛杉矶的华兹塔  Watts Towers  Don Justo's Self-built Cathedral, Spain 西班牙的“一个人的教堂”  Gallego Martinez was a Spanish monk who was forced to leave his order after taking ill. His radically individualistic cathedral was built without permission from the local government, let alone the Catholic Church. At over 100 feet high he has managed this remarkable accomplishment with some assistance from nephews and with incomes from his farmland as well as private donations. He also accepts donated and recycled building materials. 胡斯托·加列戈·马丁内斯是一名因病被迫辞去圣职的西班牙修道士。他修筑的个性十足的教堂没有经过当地政府的批准，更别提得到天主教会的许可了。他在侄子们的帮助下，用自己经营农场的收入以及私人捐款，完成了这一超过100英尺高的非凡杰作。他还接受捐助的和回收的建筑材料。 Foreverton, Wisconsin 威斯康星州的废金属建筑雕塑  Tom Avery is responsible for the world's largest scrap-metal architectural sculpture known as Foreverton. Weighing in at over 300 tons, this amazing structure climbs 50 feet in the air and reaches 60 to 120 feet in either direction. Once the owner of a salvage business, Avery began turning his talents to this bizarre architectural pursuit over two decades ago and (supposedly) believes a spaceship contained within will launch him eventually into supernatural world beyond our own and bring him into contact with the Divine. 汤姆·埃弗里建造了世界上最大的名为“Foreverton”的废金属建筑雕塑。这一令人惊叹的雕塑总重量超过300吨，高50英尺，向每个方向延伸达60～120英尺。埃弗里曾经营过一个废品回收公司。二十多年前，他开始潜心修筑这一奇特的建筑雕塑群。(据称)他相信其中的一艘太空船将把他最终送入超自然世界，让他见到上帝。 |
|
|
来自： Joyce96ejx6nhu > 《艺术》
