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中考语法讲与练之感叹句 点拨1：感叹句的类型： ⑴ What a∕an +adj+可数名词单数 （+主语+谓语）！ What +adj+可数名词复数∕不可数名词 （+主语+谓语）！ What a fine day (it is) !多么好的天啊！ （day为可数名词单数） What an interesting book it is !多么有趣的一本书啊！（book为可数名词单数） What beautiful flowersthey are !多么漂亮的花啊！ （flowers为可数名词复数） What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊！（weather为不可数名词） ⑵ How +adj +主语+（谓语中的）系动词！ How +adv +主语+（谓语中的）实义动词！ How happy I am!我多麽高兴啊！ （happy为adj,am为系动词） How hard they are working !他们工作多么努力啊！（hard为adv,work为实义动词） 点拨2：如何判断感叹句开头，如何填写'What/What a/What an/How' 方法：1.找到句子中的动词，把所有动词删去；然后删去动词或动词短语的主语； 2. 判断主语前面单词的词性：①若为可数名词单数，感叹句首加'What a/What an'；②若为可数名词复数或，感叹句首加'What'；③若为形容词，感叹句首加'How'。 例如：①_______________ difficult homework we had yesterday! 解析：句子中动词为had,其主语为we；删去we had yesterday；前面单词homework，为不可数名词，句首填What; ② ________ cute dog it is! 解析：句子中动词为is其主语为it；删去it is；前面单词dog，为可数名词单数，句首填What a; ③_____ cool your new car is! 解析：句子中动词为is,其主语为your new car；删去your new car is；前面单词cool，为形容词，句首填How。 练习、用What , What a , What an , How 填空。 1.______ hot the weather is! 2. _____ hard her father works! 3._____long way it is from Guangdong to Paris! 4.______fine day it was yesterday! 5.______lovely baby! 6._______beautiful your voice is! 7.______ sad news he told us! 8.________happy she was last weekend! 9.________nice the garden is! 10._______ happy life we have! 11._______delicious mooncakes! 答案：1.How 2.How 3. What 4. What a 5. 6.How 7.What 8.How 9.How 10. What a 11. What 做题规律总结：删去后面句子中的动词和主语后，若是剩下的为一个单词，必定为形容词和副词，句首填How即可；若开头剩余的不是一个单词，句首一定填What,究竟是What/What a/What an ，再根据剩余单词的中心词的性质判断。 ★点拨3：陈述句改为感叹句，可以采用'一判、二定、三移'。 一判：在动词后画一条线，判断出动词后的中心词的词性（adj∕adv∕n）； 二定：根据判断出来的结果来确定引导词（中心词为名词用What；中心词为形容词或副词用How；） 三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面。 注意：在感叹句中，不得出现so,very，very much等表示程度的单词。 例如：①Our school is beautiful . 一判：beautiful为形容词；二定：beautiful为形容词，用How 来引导；三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即为感叹句How beautiful our school is! ②He is a clever boy. 一判：boy为名词；二定：boy为名词，用What来引导；三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即为感叹句What a clever boy he is! ③He studies English well. 一判：well为副词；二定：well为副词，用How 来引导；三移：把He studies English移到How well后面，即为感叹句How well he studies English ! (注意：若动词和面的名词构成动词短语，则该词组不可拆开,见③) 练习、将下列句子变为感叹句。①The room is very bright. ② We live a happy life today. ③It is a nice present. ④This is a difficult problem. ⑤She played the piano wonderfully. 答案：①How bright the room is! ②What a happy life we live today. ③What a nice present it is! ④What a difficult problem this is! ⑤How wonderfully she played the piano ！ 选择题 1. _______ fast the boy ran! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 2. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how 3. ________ delicious the soup is! I'd like some more. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _____ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D.What an 5. _____ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.A. How B. How an C.What D. What an 6. _______ difficult they are! I can't answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 8. _______ lovely weather we are having these days! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 9. _____ beautiful your new dress is! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 10. _____ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What a D. What 答案及做题方法解析：1.A 去掉动词ran和主语the boy，fast为副词，选择How; 3. A but前后为两个句子。分别去掉动词sing和dances及其主语you和he,剩余的well和badly为副词，都选how; 3.A 去掉动词is及其主语 the soup，剩余 delicious 为形容词，选择how。 4.C 去掉动词were及其主语they，剩余fools为名词复数，选择what。 5.A 去掉动词were及其主语they，剩余foolish为形容词，选择how。 6.C 去掉动词were及其主语they，剩余questions为可数名词复数，选择what。 7.A 横线后为整个句子，选择how。 8.C 去掉动词are having及其主语 we，剩余weather 为不可数名词，选择what。 9.A 去掉动词is及其主语your new dress，剩余beautiful为形容词，选择how。 10.D 去掉动词is及其主语it，剩余work 为不可数名词，选择what。 1 |
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