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Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion 前路颈椎间盘切除融合术 Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion, or ACDF, is a surgery designed to relieve spinal cord or nerve root pressure in the neck by removing all or part of a damaged disc. 前路颈椎间盘切除融合术，简称ACDF， 是通过去除所有或部分受损椎间盘，减除脊髓或神经根压力的手术。 This procedure starts with a one- to two-inch incision in the front of the neck. 首先，在颈前作1-2英寸的切口。 The thin layer of platysma muscle that lies under the skin is cut and moved aside. 将位于皮下的薄薄的一层颈阔肌切开并牵开。 The pre-vertebral fascia, a thin layer of fibrous tissue that encases the spine, is dissected away, exposing the intervertebral disc. 将颈前筋膜，即包绕颈椎的一层薄薄的纤维组织分开，显露椎间盘。 The surgeon confirms that the correct disc has been located by inserting a needle into the disc space under X-ray guidance. 通过在椎间盘内插入一枚针并作X线透视，确认位于正确的椎间盘。 An incision is made in the outer coating of the disc, called the annulus fibrosus, and the soft inner core of the disc, called the nucleus pulposus, is removed. 在椎间盘的外层（称为纤维环）作一切口，去除椎间盘中心的柔软的内核（称为髓核）。 Most of the damaged disc is extracted, but a small portion may be left intact. 将大部分受累的椎间盘取出，仅留下一小部分以连接上下椎体。 Next, the surgeon examines the posterior longitudinal ligament. The ligament may be removed to access the spinal canal so the surgeon can remove any bone spurs or disc material that may have extruded through the ligament. 然后，术者要检查后纵韧带。为了到达椎管，外科医生将该韧带去除，这样就可以将突出到韧带后方的骨刺和椎间盘组织去除。 Next, the anterior cervical fusion is performed, in which a bone graft or a cage is inserted into the space where the disc used to be. 接着，进行颈椎前路融合手术。在这一步中，在前面去除椎间盘留下的空隙中植入骨移植物或椎间融合器。 This procedure serves to prevent the disc space from collapsing and allows the bone to grow together to set up a bony bridge, or fusion, between the upper and lower vertebrae. 这一步骤目的在于防止椎间隙塌陷，让骨长在一起，使上下椎体间形成骨桥（即融合）。 A small metal plate is typically affixed to the front of the upper and lower vertebrae to provide stability while the bone fusion heals together, a process that can take up to 18 months. 通常，需要使用一块小的金属板贴附于上下两个椎板之间，这样在骨愈合过程中，可以提高稳定性。完全骨愈合大约需要18个月。 Patients typically can go home on the same day as the surgery, or after one overnight stay in the hospital. 通常病人在手术当天即可回家，或在医院里呆一晚上。 （高晨珉 转） |
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