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对于英文语言质量，Jonathan严格到“苛刻”。这也是为什么他从来没有刻意学习SAT语法，首考就是满分：这些语法知识在他的阅读、写作中，早已成为语言习惯，所以才能自然输出。 关于托福写作，业内有这样一个观点：短期内，比如两周或三节课，不易提高学生的语言质量。 但是做一件事难不意味着不应该去做。托福是一个语言考试，独立写作项界面的题目后有这样一句话。 “Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing.” （你的作文会根据你的写作质量被打分） 在我看来，不管老师把写作理论讲的多好，没有做段落示范的课堂和没有对学生作文实时修改的课堂是有漏洞的。 在过去一年改了超过1000篇完整独立写作之后，我能总结以下10个最常见的语法错误。 1 X A lion does not concern (v.) about the opinion of a sheep. √ A lion does not concern (v.) himself with/about the opinion of a sheep. √ A lion is unconcerned (adj.) about the opinion of a sheep. 解释：英文中没有concern(v.)about这个用法。如果想表示某人在意某事，要说concern(v.)oneself with/about something. 上述例句缘于<权力的游戏>第一季，Tywin Lannister说过这样一句话。 2 X Sansa Stark pays attention on her look. √ Sansa Stark pays attention to her look. 解释：虽然有the attention on something这个用法，但是如果要和pay搭配，只能说pay attention to something. 3 X Joffrey Baratheon is hard to abandon the pleasure of subjection. √ It is hard for Joffrey Baratheon to abandon the pleasure of subjection. 解释：不能说someone is hard/easy to do something. 要用it is adj. for someone to do something. 4 X An attack on King’s Landing spends a lot of thought. √ An attack on King’s Landing requires/entails a lot of thought. 解释：spend若做谓语，主语只能是人。 5 √ Daenerys Targaryen has a lack (n.) of soldiers. √ Daenerys Targaryen is lacking (adj.) in soldiers. √ Daenerys Targaryen lacks (v.) soldiers. 解释: lack的正确用法是 a lack (n.) of something, be lacking (adj.) in something, lack (v.) something, 或lack (v.) in something. 比如: What he lacks in skill, he makes up in effort. 6 X Olenna Tyrell spends much time to plot the downfall of Joffrey. √ Olenna Tyrell spends much time plotting the downfall of Joffrey. 解释:Spend time后只能接doing something，Spend time to do something就错了。 7 X All of the married men are not bachelors. √ All married men are not bachelors. 解释：如果是泛指，不可以用all of the 名词复数。而应该用all 名词复数。如果指代群体根据上下文可以明确，需要用all of the 名词复数。 例如：All of the convicted thieves in King’s Landing can choose to join men of the Night’s Watch. 8 X Due to changes in the technology, Daenerys’ dragons are no longer invulnerable. √ Due to changes in technology, Daenerys’ dragons are no longer invulnerable. 解释：Technology前面通常不加冠词，尤其不加the. 一项技术得说 “a piece of technology”. 同样前面不加the的名词包括：society, education, knowledge, 抽象概念如convenience, safety, health. 你听过Knowledge is power. 但是听过The knowledge is power吗？ 9 X By deceiving Jon Snow and the Dragon Queen, Ceisei Lannister lets his enemies to fend off the White Walkers on their own. √ By deceiving Jon Snow and the Dragon Queen, Ceisei Lannister lets his enemies fend off the White Walkers on their own. 解释：let someone do something正确。Let someone to do something错误。 10 X The cast members shooting the newest season had to overcome some tough working atmosphere. √ The cast members shooting the newest season had to overcome some tough work environment. 解释：工作环境得说work environment, 不能说working atmosphere。工作经验、工作场所、工作态度都用work (work experience, workplace, work attitude)而不是working。 希望这10个语法知识点，是你喜欢“绝对严谨写作”的开始。 Jonathan
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