Name | Image | Title | Start term | End term | House | Part | Note |
Garibald I 加里巴尔德一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 555 (c.) | 591 | Agilolfings | - | Some sources call him "King of the Bavarian". |
Tassilo I 塔西洛一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 591 (c.) | 610 | Agilolfings | - | Named rex (king) at his ascension. |
Garibald II 加里巴尔德二世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 610 (c.) | 630 | Agilolfings | - | - |
Theodo 狄奥多 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 680 (c.) | 716 (?) | Agilolfings | - | By the time of Theodo, who died in 716 or 717, the Bavarian duchy had achieved complete independence from the Frankish kings. Theodo's sons divided the duchy, but by 719 the rule had returned to Grimoald. |
Theodbert 狄奥德巴尔特 | - | Duke | 702 (c.) | 719 | Agilolfings | Salzburg | Son of Theodo. |
Theobald 狄奥博尔德 | - | Duke | 711 (c.) | 719 | Agilolfings | Parts of Bavaria | Son of Theodo. |
Tassilo II 塔西洛二世 | - | Duke | 716 (c.) | 719 | Agilolfings | Passau | Son of Theodo. |
Grimoald 格里莫阿尔德 | - | Duke | 716 (c.) | 725 | Agilolfings | Freising | Son of Theodo, later ruling all of Bavaria. |
Hugbert 于贝尔 | - | Duke | 725 | 737 | Agilolfings | - | Son of Theudbert. In 725(?), Charles Martel, ruler in fact though not in name of the Frankish realm, reasserted royal supremacy over Bavaria, defeating and killing Grimoald and annexing portions of Bavaria during the rule of Hugbert. |
Odilo 奥迪洛 | - | - | 737 | 748 | Agilolfings | - | Son of Gotfrid. |
Grifo 格里佛 | - | - | 748 | 748 | Agilolfings | - | Usurper |
Tassilo III 塔西洛三世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 748 | 788 | Agilolfings | - | In 757 Tassilo III recognized the suzerainty of the Frankish kings Pippin III and did homage to Charlemagne in 781, and again in 787, while pursued an independent policy. In 788, Charlemagne had Tassilo sentenced to death on a charge of treason. Tassilo, granted pardon, entered a monastery and formally renounced his duchy at Frankfurt am Main in 794. |
Charlemagne 查理曼大帝 |
| Emperor | 788 | 814 | Carolingian | - | - |
Gerold of Vinzgouw 格罗尔德的文兹古 | - | Prefect of Bavaria | 794 | 799 | Udalriching | - | Appointed Baioarie prefectus by Charlemagne. Died in battle. |
Louis the Pious 虔诚者路易 |
| Emperor | 814 | 817 | Carolingian | - | In 817, Louis bestowed Bavaria upon his then-youngest son, Louis the German. |
Louis the German 德意志的路易 |
| King of Bavaria | 817 | 865 | Carolingian | - | Louis was to rule as King of Bavaria, subordinate to his father, until the latter's death in 840. From 843, Bavaria was merged in Louis the German's Kingdom of East Francia. In 864, Louis the German gave control of Bavaria to his son Carloman, and died in 876. Louis' two younger sons, Louis and Charles — the latter of whom briefly recovered control of all the Frankish possessions — ruled Bavaria in succession after Carloman. |
Carloman 卡洛曼 | - | King of Bavaria | 864 | 880 | Carolingian | - | Eldest son of Louis the German. |
Louis the Younger 年轻的路易 | - | King of Bavaria | 880 | 882 | Carolingian | - | Son of Louis the German. |
Charles the Fat 胖子查理 |
| King of Bavaria | 882 | 887 | Carolingian | - | Youngest son of Louis the German. Carloman's bastard son, Arnulf of Carinthia, rebelled against Charles and took power in eastern Francia shortly before Charles' death. |
Arnulf of Carinthia 阿努尔夫 |
| King of Bavaria | 887 | 899 | Carolingian | - | Son of Carloman. |
Louis the Child 孩童路易 |
| King of Bavaria | 899 | 911 | Carolingian | - | Son of Arnulf of Carinthia. |
Engeldeo 英格尔多 | - | Margrave of Bavaria | 890 | 895 | - | - | Deprived of his title marchio Baioariorum and replaced by Luitpold. |
Luitpold 利奥波德 | - | Margrave of Bavaria | 895 | 907 | Luitpolding | - | - |
Arnulf the Bad 恶人阿努尔夫 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 907 | 937 | Luitpolding | - | Son of Luitpold. Arnulf the Bad claimed the title of Duke—implying full autonomy—in 911, and was recognized as such by the German King Henry the Fowler, in 920. |
Eberhard 埃贝哈德 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 937 | 938 | Luitpolding | - | - |
Berthold 贝特霍尔德 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 938 | 947 | Luitpolding | - | Younger son of Luitpold. The German King Otto I reasserted central authority, banishing Arnulf's son Eberhard and re-granting the title to Berthold, a younger son of Luitpold. |
Henry I, Duke of Bavaria 亨利一世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 947 | 955 | Ottonian | - | Son of Henry the Fowler. On Berthold's death, Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, gave the duchy to his own brother Henry (I), who was also Arnulf the Bad's son-in-law. |
Henry II the Quarrelsome 强辩者亨利二世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 955 | 976 | Ottonian | - | Henry II made war upon his cousin, Emperor Otto II, and was deprived of his duchy in 976 in favor of his cousin Otto, Duke of Swabia (who now acquired two dukedoms). |
Otto I 奥托一世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 976 | 982 | Ottonian | - | - |
Henry III the Younger 亨利三世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 983 | 985 | Luitpolding | - | Bavaria was given to Berthold's son Henry III, briefly restoring the Luitpolding dynasty. Henry III exchanged Bavaria for Carinthia, and Henry II received Bavaria again. |
Henry II the Quarrelsome 亨利二世(复位) |
| Duke of Bavaria | 985 | 995 | Ottonian | - | Restored |
Henry IV 亨利四世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 995 | 1004 | Ottonian | - | Son of Henry II the Quarrelsome. Henry IV was elected as Holy Roman Emperor Henry II, who gave Bavaria to his brother-in-law Henry V, Count of Luxemburg in 1004. |
Henry V 亨利五世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1004 | 1009 | Luxemburg | - | Son of Siegfried of Luxembourg. |
Henry IV 亨利四世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1009 | 1017 | Ottonian | - | Henry IV reasserted direct control. |
Henry V 亨利五世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1017 | 1026 | Luxemburg | - | Son of Siegfried of Luxembourg. Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany, gave Bavaria to his son Henry VI after the death of Henry V in 1026. |
Henry VI the Black 亨利六世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1026 | 1042 | Salian | - | Son of Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor. Later Henry was elected as Holy Roman Emperor Henry III, and became King of Germany in 1039. |
Henry VII 亨利七世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1042 | 1047 | Luxemburg | - | Son of Frederick, Duke of Lower Lorraine. In 1042, Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, granted the duchy to Henry VII, Count of Luxemburg, nephew of Henry V. |
Conrad I (Kuno) 康拉德一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1049 | 1053 | Ezzonen | - | Son of Liudolf of Lotharingia. After Henry VII's death, the dukedom was vacant for a couple of years. Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, then gave the duchy to Kuno, Count of Zütphen, in 1049. Kuno was deposed in 1053. |
Henry VIII 亨利八世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1053 | 1054 | Salian | - | Son of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. During his reign in Bavaria Henry VIII was a minor (born 1050). In 1056 he became King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor as Henry IV in 1084. |
Conrad II 康拉德二世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1054 | 1055 | Salian | - | (minor, born 1052, died 1055) Son of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor |
Henry VIII 亨利八世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1055 | 1061 | Salian | - | (minor: born 1050) Son of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. Henry VIII became King of Germany (1056) and Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor in 1084. |
Otto II 奥托二世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1061 | 1070 | Northeim | - | In 1061 Empress Agnes — the 11-year-old King Henry IV's mother and regent — entrusted the duchy to Otto of Nordheim. |
Welf I 韦尔夫一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1070 | 1077 | Welf | - | Welf I subsequently quarreled with Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and was deprived of his duchy for nineteen years, during which it was directly administered by the German crown. |
Henry VIII 亨利八世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1077 | 1096 | Salian | - | (minor: born 1050) Son of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. Henry VIII became King of Germany (1056) and Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor in 1084. |
Welf I 韦尔夫一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1096 | 1101 | Welf | - | Welf I recovered the duchy in 1096. |
Welf II 韦尔夫二世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1101 | 1120 | Welf | - | Son of Welf I |
Henry IX the Black 亨利九世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1120 | 1126 | Welf | - | Son of Welf I. Abdicated. |
Henry X the Proud 骄傲的亨利十世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1126 | 1139 | Welf | - | Son of Henry IX the Black. In a power struggle with King Conrad III of Germany, Henry X lost his duchy to the King, who granted it to his follower Leopold Margrave of Austria. |
Leopold 利奥波德 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1139 | 1141 | Babenberg | - | When Leopold died, Conrad III of Germany resumed the duchy and granted it to Leopold's brother Henry XI. |
Henry XI Jasomirgott 向上帝起誓的亨利十一世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1143 | 1156 | Babenberg | - | Brother of Leopold. |
Henry XII the Lion 狮子亨利十二世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1156 | 1180 | Welf | - | When Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, became king of Germany, he restored Bavaria to the Welf line in the person of Henry X's son, Henry XII the Lion, Duke of Saxony. |
Otto I 奥托一世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1180 | 1183 | Wittelsbach | - | In 1180 Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor gave Bavaria to Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria of the House of Wittelsbach. Though Otto I was the third duke of Bavaria named Otto he is called Otto I as founder of the new dynasty. |
Louis I 路易一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1183 | 1231 | Wittelsbach | - | Son of Otto I. Louis obtained the Palatinate of the Rhine in 1214. So Louis I served also as Count Palatine of the Rhine. He was assassinated 1231. |
Otto II 奥托二世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1231 | 1253 | Wittelsbach | - | Otto II served also as Count Palatine of the Rhine. On Otto II's death, Bavaria was divided between his sons. Henry became duke of Lower Bavaria, and Louis of Upper Bavaria. From this point until the beginning of the 16th century, the territories were frequently divided between brothers. |
Henry XIII 亨利十三世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1253 | 1290 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Otto II (co-ruler) |
Louis II 路易二世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1253 | 1294 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria | Son of Otto II (co-ruler) |
Louis III 路易三世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1290 | 1296 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIII (co-ruler) |
Stephen I 斯蒂芬一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1290 | 1309 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIII (co-ruler) |
Otto III 奥托三世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1290 | 1312 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIII (co-ruler). King of Hungary 1305–07 |
Rudolf I 鲁道夫一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1294 | 1317 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria | Son of Louis II (co-ruler) |
Louis IV 路易四世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1294 | 1347 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria
Bavaria (1340–1347) | Son of Louis II. Co-ruled with his brother Rudolf I until 1317 — then alone. Louis IV was elected King of Germany in 1314. In the Treaty of Pavia (1329) Louis IV released the Palatinate of the Rhine including the Bavarian Upper Palatinate to the sons of Rudolf I. After John I the Child's death in 1340, Louis IV unified the Bavarian duchy. |
Otto IV 奥托四世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1309 | 1334 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Stephen I (co-ruler) |
Henry XIV the Elder 亨利十四世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1309 | 1339 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Stephen I (co-ruler) |
Henry XV the Natterberger 亨利十五世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1312 | 1333 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Otto III (co-ruler) |
John I the Child 约翰一世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1339 | 1340 | Wittelsbach | Lower Bavaria | Son of Henry XIV the Elder (co-ruler). After John I's death in 1340, Louis IV unified the Bavarian duchy (1340–1349). |
Louis V the Brandenburger 路易四世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1361 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV. · United Bavaria (1340–1349): Co-ruler with Stephan II, Louis VI the Roman, William I, Albert I, Otto V · Upper Bavaria (1349–1361): Co-ruler with Louis VI the Roman and Otto V |
Stephan II 斯蒂芬二世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1375 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV. · United Bavaria (1340–1349): Co-ruler with Louis V the Brandenburger , Louis VI the Roman, William I, Albert I, Otto V · Lower Bavaria (1349–1353): Co-ruler with Albert I and William I · Bavaria-Landshut (1353–1375) |
Louis VI the Roman 路易五世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1351 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV. · United Bavaria (1340–1349): Co-ruler with Louis V the Brandenburger, Stephan II, William I, Albert I, Otto V · Upper Bavaria (1349–1351): Co-ruler with Louis V the Brandenburger and Otto V |
William I 威廉一世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1388 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV. · United Bavaria (1340–1349): Co-ruler with Louis V the Brandenburger , Stephan II, Louis VI the Roman, Albert I, Otto V · Lower Bavaria (1349–1353): Co-ruler with Albert I and Stephan II · Bavaria-Straubing (1353–1388): Co-ruler with Albert I and Albert II |
Albert I 阿尔伯特一世 |
| Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1404 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV. · United Bavaria (1340–1349): Co-ruler with Louis V the Brandenburger, Stephan II, Louis VI the Roman, William I, Otto V · Lower Bavaria (1349–1353): Co-ruler with Stephan II and William I · Bavaria-Straubing (1353–1404): Co-ruler with William I and Albert II (Since 1397 alone) |
Otto V 奥托五世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1347 | 1351 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria and 2nd partition | Son of Louis IV. · United Bavaria (1340–1349): Co-ruler with Louis V the Brandenburger , Stephan II, Louis VI the Roman, William I, Albert I · Upper Bavaria (1349–1351): Co-ruler with Louis VI the Roman and Louis V the Brandenburger · Bavaria-Landshut (1375–1379): Co-ruler with John II, Frederick and Stephen III |
Meinhard 迈因哈德 | - | - | 1361 | 1363 | Wittelsbach | Upper Bavaria | Son of Louis V the Brandenburger. Margrave of Tyrol. After his death in 1363, Upper Bavaria was partitioned between Bavaria-Straubing and Bavaria-Landshut. |
John II 约翰二世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1375 | 1397 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut Bavaria-Munich | Son of Stephan II · Bavaria-Landshut (1375–1392): Co-ruler with Otto V, Frederick, Stephen III · Bavaria-Munich (1392–1397) |
Frederick 弗里德里克 | - | Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1375 | 1393 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Stephan II · Bavaria-Landshut (1375–1392): Co-ruler with Otto V, John II, Stephen III · 1392–1392 alone |
Stephen III 斯蒂芬三世 | - | - | 1375 | 1413 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut Bavaria-Ingolstadt | Son of Stephan II · Bavaria-Landshut (1375–1392): Co-ruler with Otto V, John II, Frederick · Bavaria-Ingolstadt (1392–1413) |
Albert II 阿尔伯特二世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Straubing | 1389 | 1397 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Son of Albert I. Co-ruler with Albert I. |
Henry XVI the Rich 亨利十六世 | - | Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1392 | 1450 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Frederick, annexed Bavaria-Ingolstadt in 1447. |
William III 威廉三世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Munich | 1397 | 1435 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of John II. Co-ruler with Ernest |
Ernest 恩斯特一世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Munich | 1397 | 1438 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of John II. Co-ruler with William III (Alone from 1435) |
William II 威廉二世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Straubing | 1404 | 1417 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Son of Albert I |
Louis VII the Bearded 路易七世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt | 1413 | 1443 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Ingolstadt | Son of Stephen III |
Jacqueline 杰奎琳 |
| Duchess of Bavaria-Straubing | 1417 | 1432 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Daughter of William II, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing. Until 1425 contested by John III the Pitiless. In 1432 Bavaria-Straubing was partitioned among the other Bavarian duchies. |
John III the Pitiless 无情的约翰三世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Straubing | 1418 | 1425 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Straubing | Son of Albert I. Contested Jacqueline until his death 1425. |
Albert III 阿尔伯特三世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Munich | 1438 | 1460 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of Ernest |
Louis VIII the Younger 年轻的路易八世 | - | Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt | 1443 | 1445 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Ingolstadt | Son Louis VII the Bearded. Bavaria-Ingolstadt was annexed by Bavaria-Landshut in 1447. |
Louis IX the Rich 富人路易九世 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1450 | 1479 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Henry XVI the Rich |
John IV 约翰四世 | - | Duke of Bavaria | 1460 | 1463 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich | Son of Albert III. Co-ruler with Sigismund and Albert IV the Wise |
Sigismund 西吉斯蒙德 |
| - | 1460 | 1501 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Munich Bavaria-Dachau | Son of Albert III · Bavaria-Munich (1460–1467): Co-ruler with John IV and Albert IV the Wise · Bavaria-Dachau (1467–1501) Bavaria-Dachau was reunited with Bavaria-Munich in 1501. |
George the Rich 富人乔治 |
| Duke of Bavaria-Landshut | 1479 | 1503 | Wittelsbach | Bavaria-Landshut | Son of Louis IX the Rich. Bavaria-Landshut was annexed by Bavaria-Munich. |
