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我是 ｢茉莉英语Moli｣，很高兴回答这个问题。 在介绍什么是状语从句之前，Moli 先带你总结一下英语语法从句模块。 除特殊句式外，英语上只有三 大从句：｢状语从句｣、｢定语从句｣、｢名词性从句｣。而 ｢名词性从句｣ 又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 有了这个图之后，最起码从句这部分就有一个大的轮廓，在脑子中有个系统的认识。 学好这些基本语法对于高中写作和大学英语写作都是有帮助的，这些模块是有语感的，但是语感有时候建立在中文翻译上了，所以会出错。再比如说，某些学校的交换生会被老师留下来做语法题，所以，语感并不都对，所以语感加上知识理解才会更加有保障。每一语法模块都有相应的解题思路，跟着 Moli 一起攻克吧。 -壹-介绍一下状语从句的功能1. 表示时间 When I heard the news, I was delighted. 当我听到这个消息时，我很开心。 2. 表示原因 Because I was ill, I didn't go to school. 因为我病了，所以我没去上学。 3. 表示让步 Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然正在下雨，他们仍然在地里干活。 4. 表示条件 We will have a picnic if it doesn't rain. 如果不下雨，我们将去野餐。 5. 表示方式 He acted as if nothing had happened. 他表现的好像什么都没发生。 6. 表示比较 ① I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. ② He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. ③ The busier he is, the happier he feels. 7. 表示地点 They followed the taxi wherever it went. Where there is a will, there is a will. 8. 表示目的 You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 9. 表示结果 He was so excited that he could not say a word. 状语从句有 九大类，有很多连接词，连接词是要翻译的。 -贰-时间状语从句· 连接词 (1) when, while, as (2) before, after, since, till, until, not…until (3) the first / second… / last time, every time, each time, next time, (4) as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…than · 例句 ① He became sad and angry when he saw pictures of hungry people in Africa. ② Before the competition started, the girls chatted with each other. Go to bed and don't get up until you feel better. ③ After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. ④ Since I was a child I have lived in England. ⑤ I will ring you as soon as I have any more information. ⑥ Go to bed and don't get up until you feel better. ⑦ I will turn off the light as soon as I leave a room. ⑧ Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down. · 重难点 ♥ 1. while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而 when 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词 如： ① When / While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. ② When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. （不可用 while） ♥ 2. 从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用 when 引导这个从句，不可用 as 或 while 如： When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. ♥ 3. 表示 ｢随着……｣，连词用 as，不用 when 或 while 如： As the election approached, the violence got worse. ♥ 4. 如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行 时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while 与 as 可互换使用。 如： When / While / As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. ※ when 也可引导原因状语从句，相当于 since, considering that ｢既然，考虑到｣ 如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. 地点状语从句· 连接词 where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere · 例句 ① Where he had mistakes, he admitted these willingly. ② They followed the taxi wherever it went. ③ He would live with his grandmother anywhere she lived. ④ Everywhere they lived, they were warmly received. ⑤ Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成 原因状语从句· 连接词 because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that · 例句 ① Since you feel tired, you should take a good rest. ② As I didn't know the way, I asked a policeman. ③ Now that you have expressed your determination, you should act. ※ when 也可引导原因状语从句，相当于 since, considering that ｢既然，考虑到｣ 如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes. 条件状语从句· 连接词 if, unless, as(so) long as, in case, on condition that, suppose / supposing, provided / providing that · 例句 ① Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. ② If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk. 让步状语从句· 连接词 although, though, even though / if, as, while, no matter… which / what / when / where / who / how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, whether…or (不管…还是…) · 例句 ① Whether you believe it or not, it is true. ② Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. ③ He is very old, but he still works very hard. ④ We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. ⑤ Late as it was, they continued the work. 结果状语从句· 连接词 so that, so…that, such…that · 例句 【so…that】 so + adj. / adv. + that She is so beautiful that everyone loves her. so + adj. + a / an + 可数名词单数 + that She is so beautiful a girl that everyone loves her. so + many / much / few / little + 名词 + that They have so many apples that they give some of them to others. 【such... that】 such + a(an) + adj. + 单数名词 + that She is such a beautiful girl that everyone loves her. such + adj. + 复数名词 + that They are such interesting books that I want to read them again. such + adj. + 不可数名词 + that ① It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home. ② She was ill, so that she didn't attend the meeting. ③ He was so excited that he could not say a word. ④ She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 目的状语从句· 连接词 so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest · 例句 ① You must speak louder so that / in order that you can be heard by all. ② He wrote the name down for fear that / lest he should forget it. ③ Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 方式状语从句· 连接词 as, as if / as though · 例句 【as 翻译成「正如，好像」】 ① Always do to the others as you would be done by. ② As water is to fish, air is to man. ③ Just as we sweep our rooms, we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 【as if 和 as though】 两者意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句多用于虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用于陈述性语气，表示所说的情况是事实或实现的可能性很大。 常译作 ｢仿佛，好像｣ ① They completely ignore these facts as if\as though they never existed. ② He looks as if as though he had been hit by lighting. It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. as if 和 as though 也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语 如： ① He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. ② He cleared his throat as if to say something. ③ The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. ④ He acted as if nothing had happened. 比较状语从句· 连接词 than, as…as, not so / as…as, the + 比较级…, the + 比较级… · 例句 ① I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. ② He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. ③ The busier he is, the happier he feels. -叁-小试牛刀1. You cannot take back your words ______ they are out of your mouth. A. before B. whether C. once D. while 2. You can get respect from others only ______ you respect yourself． A. because B. when C. before D. unless 3. In your life, sometimes you might end up back ______ you started. A. who B. when C. where D. which 4. ______ Stephon Marbury is an American, he has become a role model among Beijing basketball fans. A. As B. Although C. When D. Since 5. I can remember my first day of school ______ it were yesterday． A. in case B. even though C. as if D. now that 6. Milk will turn sour soon on hot days ______ it is stored in the refrigerator. A. since B. until C. because D. unless 7. Quietness seems impossible _____ everyone takes their seats and begins to write． A. until B. after C. for D. once 8. You can smoke here _____ you leave a window open to let the smoke out. A. even though B. so that C. in case D. as long as 9. I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be some time _____ Tom gets back. A. when B. before C. after D. since 10.- Why did you come here? —— I moved here for the job. There was no work for me _______ I came from. A. why B. what C. where D. how 总之呢，语言学习是一个漫长的过程，不会因为今天努力了，明天就有效果体现出来的。建议大家对学习的对象要有一个系统的认识，模块化，知道自己学过什么，在学什么， 要学什么，在脑子里都会有一个清晰的思维导图。 |
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