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四．非谓语动词之动词不定式 我们来看2019年全国高考英语卷（一）语法填空第64题： Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. 句子的主干部分为：Modern methods are expensive。 64 (perform) 是修饰expensive作状语的，所以，应该用非谓语动词形式。不定式作状语，从时间上来说，含有一般、将来的意味，从功能上来说，有目的性；而分词，时间上表进行或被动完成，而功能上多表伴随，所以，应该用to perform.(此处要强调一下：不定式 做状语，修饰形容词，用主动的形式，表达被动的意思。） 非谓语动词是高考语法里面的重难点，大家一定要下一点功夫，把它们学好。 下面补充几个不定式句法功能的例子，供参考： 1.主语：To see is to believe. It is not easy to learn a language well. 2.表语：My job is to attend the children. 3.定语：I have a lot of work to do. She has no place to go. 4. 宾语：I hope to go to Dalian again. I find it interesting to play the violin. 5.宾补：The teacher told us to clean the windows. I noticed the boy go into the shop. 6. 目的状语：I got up early to learn English. In order to pass the exam, he worked hard. 原因状语：We were excited to hear the news. I’m sorry to have hurt you. 结果状语：I hurried home to find Mary waiting for me.（出乎意料的结果） He studied hard , entering the university.（意料之中的结果） 条件状语：To look at him, you would like him. 独立结构：To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me. To be honest, I know nothing about it. 这里简单表过，若有疑问，可留言，我一定努力解答。 |
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