|
短缺了这些国际贸易知识的储备你的外贸想做大恐怕那是动力不足哦 做外贸的人必须明白的一些的外贸经济术语，这些术语对你了解国内外经济形势，数据分析等，从而判断外贸趋势是非常必要的，今天猫熊哥给的推荐几个关键词，看看你能否把他们的英语表达彻底高清记住： One way a country can control its economy is by imposing import restrictions (or conrols). 一个国家可以控制其经济的一种方式是实行进口限制（或控制）。 If an industry is just starting up (when it is called an infant industry) the government may help it because it makes the country richer and provides employment. 如果一个行业刚刚启动（当它被称作一个新兴产业），政府可以帮助它，因为它使国家更丰富，提供就业。 The government can help help an infant industry by subsidizing it or by imposing import restrictions to subsidize an industry means to give it grants or loans, 政府可以通过补贴或通过实行进口限制来帮助一个新兴工业.意味着给予它赠款或贷款， Import controls can protect it from competition by stopping or limiting the imporation of the goods the infant industry produces, the goverment might also impose taxes on imported goods, These taxes are called duty or tariffs. 进口管制可以通过停止或限制新兴产业生产的货物的进口来保护其免受竞争，政府也可以对进口货物征税。这些税收被称为税收或关税。 Import controls may only be selective or temporary. If they only apply to certain goods or certain countries. they are selective. 进口管制只能是选择性的或临时的。如果它们只适用于某些商品或某些国家。他们是选择性的。 If they only apply for a limited time, they are temporary. 如果只适用于有限的时间，它们是临时的. Traders may require a licence to import goods, A licence is a certificate which gives permission to do something. Traders may also be limited to a quota of goods, A quota is a maximum number. 贸易商可能需要进口货物的许可证，许可证是许可做某事的证书。交易商也可以被限制一定数量的货物，配额是最大数量。 Trade restrictions are enforced by the Customs and Excise department. Importers have to fill out a customs declaration form which declares that value of the goods so that the customs men can calculate the tariffs(taxes) they must pay. 贸易关制由海关执行部门执行。 进口商必须填写一份报关单，说明货物的价值，以便海关人员可以计算他们必须支付的关税（税）。 To make the job of the customs department easier, the invoice for the goods is sometimes certified as accurate by the consulate of the importing country before the goods leave the exporting country, The invoice is then called a consular invoice. 为了使海关部门的工作更容易，货物的发票有时在货物离开出口国之前由进口国的领事馆证明是准确的，发票被称为领事发票。 The consular invoice is sometimes also used as a certificate of origin ( Although this may be a separate document) 领事发票有时也用作原产地证书（虽然这可能是一个单独的文件）. The certificate of origin is a certificate which shows where the goods come from originally (this is necessary if they have travelled through another country). 原产地证书是证明货物来自原产地的证书（如果他们已经经过另一个国家，这是必要的）。 It can be important to show the origin of goods when the importing and exporting countries have speical trade agreements, because traders may pay less duty. 当进出口国家有专门的贸易协定时，显示货物的来源可能很重要，因为贸易商可以少交税。 A government often makes trade agreements with its trading partners (countries with which it trades regularly). 政府经常与其贸易伙伴（经常与其交易的国家）签订贸易协议。 Under trade agreements certain goods from certain countries may be exempt from (they do not have to pay) some of the tariffs (taxes), or they may be allowed bigger quotas. 在贸易协定中，来自某些国家的某些货物可能免税（他们不必支付）一些关税（税），或者他们可能允许更大的配额。 A company is also called a firm or a business, While it is producing goods or trading, it is said to be in business, 公司也被称为厂商或企业，它从事生产货物或销售，叫做营业。 A firm which is just starting up is going into business and a company which stops operating goes out of business. 刚刚开业的公司将进行营业。而停止运营的公司叫停业 If a company get bigger, it expands, The expansion of a firm means it can produce more goods or sell more of its products. 如果一家公司变得更大，它在扩张。一家公司的扩张意味着它可以生产更多的产品或销售更多的产品。 A manufacturer (or manufacturing company) produces goods, The goods it makes are its products. When a manufacturing company expands, It usually increases production, if one year it produces 100 tonnes and the next year it produces 110 tonnes, it has increased production by 10%. 制造商（或制造公司）生产货物，其制造的货物是其产品。 当一家制造公司扩张时，通常增加生产，如果一年生产100吨，明年生产110吨，生产增加10％。 A company which sells goods in large quantity (in bulk) is called a wholesale distributor (or wholesaler). 销售大量货物（批量）的公司称为批发分销商（或批发商）。 A company or person buying goods in bulk (or wholesale）and selling them in small quantities is a retailer. Most local shops are retailers and sell goods retail. 一个公司或个人批量（或批发）购买商品并以少量销售的是零售商，大多数当地商店是零售商和销售商品零售。 Two or more companies which sell or manufacture the same products are competitors ( or rivals). They are in competition and they compete for customers. 两个或多个销售或制造相同产品的公司是竞争者（或竞争对手）。 他们在竞争，他们竞争为得到客户。 In order to sell more goods than its rivals, a company must be competitive, it is important to keep a head of the competition by selling at competitive prices, 为了销售比竞争对手更多的商品，一家公司必须具有竞争力，重要的是通过以有竞争力的价格销售来保持赢在竞争对手的前面， If one company has an advantage over its competitors (for example a cheaper or better products) it gives them a edge on the market. 如果一家公司比其竞争对手有优势（例如更便宜或更好的产品），会使他们在市场上保持优势。 An area where there is a demand for certain goods is called a market. A company which markets (sells) goods locally caters for the local market. Goods sold in same country as they are produced are sold on the home ( or domestic) market. 一个地区对某些商品有需求称为市场， 一个公司销售（卖出）适合本地市场的产品，销售本国生产的产品叫内销。 A company which sell goods abroad is an exporter, 一个公司出售货物到国外是出口商。 An exporter ( or export company) sells goods on the international (or overseas) market, the goods it exports are called exports, 出口商（或出口公司）在国际（或海外）市场上出售货物，出口的货物称为出口商品。 A compnay which starts selling goods overseas is said to go into exporting ( or to go into the exporting business). 一个公司开始在海外出售货物被叫做进行出口业务。 |
|
|
