高考语法点拨 | 非谓语动词都搞懂了，还有什么语法能难倒你？（二）

昵称QvKmxOqV 2019-11-27

展开全文

在英语中，非谓语动词是指在句中不可单独用作谓语，但可以用作其他句子成分的动词。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

语境展示

1. a. To draw the map accurately, you need a special pen.

b. Having found a hotel, they began to look for a restaurant.

c. Seen from the top of the mountain, the village looks very small.

2. a. Try your best not to be late.

b. Not telling anyone else, the girl left the party.

c. Not invited to the party, the girl felt a little bit disappointed.

3. a. Robert is said to have studied abroad, but I don’t know which country he studied in.

b. Having been discussed several times, the proposal was finally accepted.

4. a. He went out, shutting the door behind him.

b. Given more encouragement, the boy could behave better.

自我归纳

1. 非谓语动词除了可以在句中用作主语、定语或宾语（主语）补足语，还可以用作状语。例如以上第1组句子。

2. 对于非谓语动词的否定形式，否定词往往被置于非谓语动词之前。例如以上第2组句子。

3.如果动词不定式或现在分词所表示的动作发生在句子谓语所表示的动作之前，该不定式或现在分词应用完成式。例如以上第3组句子。动词不定式的完成式为to have done, 其完成式的被动形式为to have been done；现在分词的完成式为having done，其完成式的被动形式为having been done。

4. 现在分词和过去分词在句中用作状语的区别。现在分词作状语时，其所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系；而过去分词作状语时，其所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。例如以上第4组句子。

习题检测

Ⅰ. 请用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. 　　　　 (Tire) and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first 　　　　 (reach) the top of Mount Tai.

2. My parents love me dearly and do all they could　　　　 (ensure) that I can get a good education.

3.　　　　 (take) everything into consideration, I think the result is better than 　　　　(expect).

4.　　　　 (drive) by the rising price of gas, many private car owners use their cars less.

5.　　　　 (see) the snake, the little girl stood under the tree, 　　　　 (frighten) to death.

6.　　　　 (compare) with developed countries, our country still has a long way to go.

7. Though 　　　　 (beat) by the other team, the players didn’t lose heart.

8. 　　　　(dress) in blue garments, the three young men faced the media with great confidence.

9. I feel so sorry 　　　　 (hear) about your failure in business.