在前面两篇文章中，我们学习了强调中的读法强调和词法强调，本文我们来看句法强调，也就是很多人熟悉的强调句。关于强调句，我们要掌握它的1种陈述语序，2种疑问语序，3种变式，还有4个注意事项。构建思维导图如下：1陈述强调句的结构：It is/was+句子被强调的部分+that/who+句子剩余部分。 强调句一定是在一个完整句子上变化而来。去掉It is/was和that/who之后，剩下的能合并为一个完整的句子。只有在强调人时既可用that又可用who。 比如：A dog bit him in the park yesterday. 昨天在公园一只狗咬了我。 强调主语：It wasa dog that bit him in the park yesterday. 昨天在公园是一只狗咬了他。（强调是狗而不是蚊子之类的咬他） 强调宾语：It was him that/who a dog bit in the park yesterday. 昨天在公园是他让狗咬了。（强调是他而不是其他人被咬了） 强调地点状语：It was in the park that a dog bit him yesterday. 昨天那狗是在公园咬的他。（强调是在公园而不是其他地方咬的） 2疑问以上面的陈述句为例：It was in the park that a dog bit him yesterday. 一般疑问句： Was it in the parkthat a dog bit him yesterday？ 昨天那狗到底是不是在公园咬的他？ 特殊疑问句： Where was it that a dog bit him yesterday？ 昨天那狗到底是在什么地方咬的他？ 3变式It's not A that…; it's B.（不是A…，是B） It's not A but B that…（不是A而是B…） It's B that…， not A.（正是B…，不是A） 请自己尝试翻译以下三个例句。 It's not a cat that bit him in the park yesterday; it's a dog. It's not a cat but a dog that bit him in the park yesterday. It's a dog that bit him in the park yesterday, not a cat. 这三种变式都是为了强调两者中的一者而不是另外一者。比如这句话： It's not the years in your life that counts; it's the life in your years. 重要的不是你的人生活了多少年，而是在这些年里你过了什么样的人生。（重要的是人生的长度，而是人生的宽度） 4注意1）对含until的否定句中的时间状语进行强调，要把not和until都放于被强调的位置。 陈述句：He didn't go to bed until his mum told him a story. 强调句：It wasnot until his mum told him a story that he went to bed. 2）强调句型不能用于强调谓语。可以在谓语动词前加助动词do/does/did进行强调，常译为“确实，一定”。 Do come early. 一定早点来。 She does like you. 她的确喜欢你。 She did send you a letter last week. 她上周确实给你寄过一封信。 3）强调句型只能用于强调because引导的原因状语从句。 It was because(不能用since，as等连词) he was ill that he didn't go to work. 4）强调句型不能用于强调让步状语从句。 比如Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 不能把though he is a child放到It is和that之间。 除了我们讲解的词法强调和句法强调，还有通过倒装（把句子的某个成分置于句首）来实现的位置强调，我们放到后文“倒装”部分再讲。可以点击下方的了解更多查看倒装的讲解。 |
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