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52 / F；Chief Complaint：Incidental abnormality on a chest radiograph 52岁，女性，胸片偶发异常。 图1 胸片 图2 胸部CT增强 图3 胸部CT肺窗 图4 胸部CT肺窗 A chest radiograph shows a nodule in the right upper lung zone. No other abnormality is evident. 胸片显示右肺上野结节影；无明显其他异常。 CT scans show branching soft-tissue opacity and surrounding hyperlucency in the apical segment of the right upper lobe. The lesions show neither calcification or enhancement. The other areas appear normal. CT显示右肺上叶尖段分枝状高密度病灶，周围肺野过度充气。病灶内未见钙化。增强后未见强化。无明显其他异常。 Congenital bronchial atresia 先天性支气管闭锁 Congenital bronchial atresia is an anomaly characterized by obliteration of the proximal lumen of a segmental bronchus, with preservation of the distal structures. 先天性支气管闭锁是一种先天性异常，其以近端闭塞，远端残留为特征。 The areas most frequently involved are the apical and posterior segments of the left upper lobe, followed by the segmental bronchi of the right upper lobe, middle lobe, and rarely a lower lobe. 最常累及左肺上叶尖后段支气管，右肺上叶段支气管，中叶支气管，下叶罕见。 The mucous secretions generated in the bronchi accumulate at the point of obstruction. 支气管内粘液分泌物进一步加重阻塞。 Air enters the affected segment via collateral channels, producing overinflation. The radiographic findings mirror the pathologic changes: the affected area is darker than the surrounding lung, and, on radiographs obtained at expiration, obstructive emphysema is obvious. 影像学表现反映病理学改变。受累区域较周围区域密度更低。呼气相胸片显示阻塞性肺气肿更显著。 The accumulated secretions appear as areas of mucous impaction, which may have the typical branching pattern. 分泌物的积聚表现为粘液嵌塞，呈典型分枝状。 The findings on CT scans are the same as those observed on chest radiographs, namely, segmental overinflation and mucous impaction, which are the hallmark of this condition. CT表现与胸片一致：受累肺段过度充气、粘液嵌塞。 部分文章中提到有【血管减少】 atresia [ə'triʒə]: n. 闭锁（畸形）；无孔；不通（如子宫，输卵管） secretion 英 [sɪ'kriːʃ(ə)n]；美 [sɪ'kriʃən]n. 分泌；分泌物；藏匿；隐藏   双语病例是【影像医学与核医学】下面的小专栏。 专栏主要翻译国外影像学网站病例，在翻译过程中学习掌握医学影像学英语词汇，中英双语两不误。 学习小组成员可根据自己兴趣和研究方向，选取不同的影像学网站的不同部位病例进行翻译。初期翻译后，会有人员修改校正，编辑后发表，供大家学习。 在这里，你可以遇到志同道合的小伙伴！ 在这里，你可以提高自己的影像英语水平！ 在这里，你可以获取更多的影像学习资源！ 我们邀请对医学影像学英语感兴趣、乐于奉献的同行一起加入学习。时间充裕的本科生、考研战友、研究生、住院医师均可报名一起学习！ |
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