撰文:蓝鲸晓虎 正值全球COVID-19感染人数突破千万,死亡人数超过50万之际,继地塞米松被报道对重症患者有益后,时隔数日,用于痛风治疗的廉价药秋水仙碱又进入了大众视线。 近日,JAMA Network Open 杂志发布了题为:Effect of Colchicine vs Standard Care on Cardiac and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 The GRECCO-19 Randomized Clinical Trial 的临床试验研究论文。 该临床试验对比了秋水仙碱和常规治疗对改善新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染者心脏和炎症指标以及临床结局的作用。 SARS-CoV感染与NLRP3炎症小体激活有关,后者已被证明参与了急性肺损伤和/或急性呼吸窘迫综合征的病理性级联反应。 秋水仙碱主要通过抑制微管聚合和白细胞浸润发挥作用,但抑制NLRP3炎症小体也是其发挥抗炎作用的重要机制。虽然这一机制尚未完全阐明,但有人认为秋水仙碱在两个水平上抑制炎症小体:首先通过抑制P2X7受体激活和ASC聚合,从而抑制吡喃样结构域之间的相互作用;其次,通过抑制线粒体转运以及ASC向NLRP接近。 1. Deftereos SG, Giannopoulos G, Vrachatis DA, et al; GRECCO-19 Investigators. Effect of colchicine vs standard care on cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019: the GRECCO-19 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(6):e2013136. 2. Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, et al. Association of Cardiac Injury With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 25]. JAMA Cardiol. 2020;e200950. 3. Tardif JC, Kouz S, Waters DD, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Colchicine after Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(26):2497-2505. 4. Deftereos S, Giannopoulos G, Angelidis C, et al. Anti-Inflammatory Treatment With Colchicine in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Pilot Study. Circulation. 2015;132(15):1395-1403. 5. Hemkens LG, Ewald H, Gloy VL, et al. Colchicine for prevention of cardiovascular events. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;2016(1):CD011047. 6. Leung YY, Yao Hui LL, Kraus VB. Colchicine—update on mechanisms of action and therapeutic uses. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2015;45(3):341-350. 7. Marques-da-Silva C, Chaves MM, Castro NG, Coutinho-Silva R, Guimaraes MZP. Colchicine inhibits cationic dye uptake induced by ATP in P2X2 and P2X7 receptor-expressing cells: implications for its therapeutic action. Br J Pharmacol. 2011;163(5):912-926. 8. Misawa T, Takahama M, Kozaki T, et al. Microtubule-driven spatial arrangement of mitochondria promotes activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Nat Immunol. 2013;14(5):454-460. |
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