由于初中生因为刚涉及英语学习,语法方面还没有过多学复合句等问题,英语考试中语法考核重在考察各种词法,强调最基础的学习和积累!常考的词法呢,无非也就是动词、名词、和冠词,关于这些考点,小简老师已经全整理了,大家一定要记住哦~小简老师已为大家备好电子打印版,文末附电子打印版免费领取方式,想要获取电子打印版请拉到文末。例:The scientists from United States live in Ninth street. A. the……the B. /……the C. /……/ D. the……/
解析:这是考察冠词的一道典型试题,需要强调的是学生要牢牢记住一些冠词的特殊用法,如普通名词构成专有名词一定要用the 如:the Great wall长 城 the Shanghai Museum 上海博物馆 the New Oriental School 新东方学校。另外注意零冠词的用法:街道、广场、公园的前面不用任何冠词。所以这道题是选择D。例:Liu xiang and Yao ming are world-famous sports stars.____ of them have set a good example to us . A. all B. neither C. both D. none例:There are many new high-rises on ___ side of Huaihai Road .What a magnificent view! A. either B. neither C. both D. all
解析:代词部分尤其是不定代词部分历来是考试的重点。Both是指两者的全肯定,是说都怎么样,而all是说全部都,这是在指三个人或者以上;none是指三个人或者以上都不怎么样,是否定的概念,neither是说两者的都不怎么样,也是否定的概念;最重要的是either这个单词,它表示两者都怎么样和both一样是肯定的,但是只说一个或者是任何一个。就上面这道题来讲,第一题说刘翔和姚明都给我们树立了榜样,两者的都肯定,所以选择C. 后一题是说淮海路两旁都是高楼大厦,按道理来讲应该是选择both,但是注意side是一边,这是个单数,所以是说任意一边都是高楼大厦,选择A.例:The VIPs from 21 countries will ___the APEC in Shanghai this autumn.(2001年上海中考题)A. hold B. take part in C. join D. attend 解析:词汇的辨析使用很多是约定俗成,不能想当然,更不能按照中文意思去硬搬。Hold是举行的意思,比如hold a meeting,hold a conference。但是这道题不是举行而是参加的意思,出席会议按照英文惯用法用attend a meeting,take part in 是指参加大型的活动,join是指参加党政,团体,组织,比如入党,join the party。所以这道题选择D例:The government will ___some new colleges for more students to receive higher education.(2001年上海中考题)A. set up B. set out C. put down D. put on 解析:set about 着手做 set out 出发 set up 建立;put up 举起、挂起put off 推迟 put up with 忍受 put down 放下 put on 穿上 这道题是指建立一所新大学所以只能选择A.有一些动词组成的短语是非常基础和重要的,在此我把一些重要的动词短语简要的总结给大家:look after 照看,照顾 look around环顾,四周看look at 看,朝……看,检查 look for寻找look into朝……里面看,调查 look like看起来像……look out of朝外看 look over仔细检查,细看,温习look through透过……看,浏览 look up抬头看,查找send a message to sb捎个口信给某人send sb away from school退学take a look at看一看 take after长得像take away 拿走,使停学,减去take care当心take down取下来,记下来 take exercise锻炼身体take medicine服药 take off脱下,(飞机)起飞, take on接受,雇用,呈现 take out取出,带…出去take part in参加,参与 take turns轮流(做某事)take…out of从……中取出 take…to…把……带到……情态动词实际上是一种助动词,有一定的词意,没有人称和数的变化,不能单独做谓语。 Can要注意的用法 a.表示人或者事物的一种能力,意思是“能够”,等于be able to,但是在过去式中be able to表示确实实施了这种能力,而could只是说有这种能力。 b.表示许可,近似等于may might,但是不如他们礼貌 c.表示猜测,意思是“可能”近似等于maybe, perhaps could要注意的用法 a. can的过去时态 b.比may更加婉转礼貌 c. could +have+ done 本应该做而没有做 could not +have +done 不会做 没有做 must要注意的用法 a.表示必须,是一种主观上的有必要和义务,或者是别人的命令和要求 b.表推测 must +be +doing 对现在的推测 must + have +done 对过去的推测 should要注意的用法 a.表示必须,但是是一种义务和责任,语气比must稍微委婉 b.Should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的事情 May的用法 a. 表示“可以”,“允许”等于can b. 表示“可能”相当于perhaps might 的用法 a. may的过去时态 b. 表示推测时可能性小于may c., might比may 语气婉转 d. might/may +|have +done 对过去的推测 need的用法 a. need作为情态动词只在否定句和疑问句里面才是 b.在陈述句里面只能是实义动词 例:We___ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves. A. may B. should C. can D. need 【解析】情态动词的语气和意义各不相同。May 是可以可能;should是应该,can是能够,可以;need需要。遵守交通法规是我们每个人必须的,所以选择B. 例:Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ___ be very expensive. A. must B. can. C. mustn’t D. can’t 【解析】一定要注意情态动词的表示推测的用法。Must 表示肯定的推测。而can’t表示否定的推测。本题是说:这个大房子一定很贵,是肯定的推测。所以选择A. 名词的重要考点 ①一般在词尾加“s”如:desk+s [-ks] bag+s [-gz] bed+s[-dz] hat+s [-ts]②以字母 s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词变复数,通常在词尾加“es”,如:bus+es [-iz] box+es [-iz] brush+es [-iz] watch + es [-iz]③以字母o结尾的名词变复数, 一般在词尾加“s”,也有加es的,如:photo+s [-z] tomato+es [-z] ④以f或fe结尾的名词一般变f或fe为v再加es,例如:knife─knives[-vz] leaf─leaves [-vz]⑤以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变复数时改y为i,再加es, 如: baby ─ babies factory─factories例:There are ____ in the field. They're eating grass. A. a horse B. much horses C. many horse D. many horses例:Look at the _____. You can see ____ and ______.A. photos; potatoes, tomatoes,radioes B. photoes; potatoes, tomatoes, radios C. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radios D. photoes; potatos, tomatos, radioeschild ─children fish─fish foot─feetman ─ men woman ─ women tooth ─ teeth注意:某些名词只有复数形式,例如:people (人们) clothes (衣服) trousers (裤子) police (警察) glasses (眼镜)a piece of a bag of a bottle ofa cup ofa glass of a basket of例:He often has ____ forbreakfast. A. two breads B. twopiece of breads C. two pieces of bread D. twopieces of breads例:I'd like some water, but he wants ________.D. two bottles of oranges1) 在单数名词后加's, 如:Tom's book my father's friend2) 在以s结尾的复数名词后只加 ': the students' desks theteachers' office3) 在不以s结尾的复数名词后加's: men's clothes (男服) Children's Day4) 如并列名词属各自所有的东西,则在名词后分别加'sTom's and Mike's bikes (汤姆和迈克各自的车子)如并列名词为其共有, 则只需在最后名词加's,如:John and Jim's room (约翰和吉姆的屋子)例:I found the bottle in ____room. A. Sara and Kate B. Sara'sand Kate's C. Sara's and Kate D. Saraand Kate'sthe window of the classroom (教室的窗户)students of Class 2 (二班的学生)在表示所属物的名词前有冠词,数词,指示代词或不定代词时,常用of + 名词所有格(名词性物主代词)形式,例如:a friend of my father's (我父亲的一位朋友)名词作定语一般用单数形式, 如: banana trees。但man、woman等修饰复数名词时, 须用复数形式, 如: women doctors。例:There were two ___ in thatcity ten years ago.A. cars factory B. car factoriesC. car's factories D. factories of cars不可数名词有: bread food hair home meat medicinemilk money music news paper rain rice snow teawater weather work homework housework salt 例:There's only a little ___ inthe fridge. That's not enough for breakfast.
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