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在英语中如何表达“年龄”

 外语行天下 2020-07-22
当你遇到新朋友、自我介绍或与熟人闲聊时,谈论你的年龄几乎是不可避免的,用英语表达年龄有以下几种方法。

一、be + 基数词 + years old 或 years of age,其中 years old 或 years of age 可以省略,例如: 

现在时:

A: How old are you?
你多大了?

B: I'm 35 (years old/years of age).
我35岁了。

过去式:

A: How old were you when you visited Spain?
去西班牙时你几岁?

B: I was 22 (years old/years of age).
那时我22岁了。

将来时:

A: How old will you be when you start college?
当你开始上大学时你几岁?

B: I will be 18 (years old/years of age).
我将是18岁。

现在完成时:

A: How long have you been 30 (years old/years of age)?
你30岁多久了?

B: I have only been 30 (years old/years of age) for 1 day! My birthday was yesterday.
我才30岁一天!我的生日是昨天。
 
过去完成时:

A: How long had you been 16 (years old/years of age) before you started driving?
在你开车前,你16岁多久了?

B: I had only been 16 (years old/years of age) for 1 day because I got my license almost immediately.
我刚满16岁才一天,因为我马上就拿到了驾照。

将来完成时:

A: How long will you have been 23 (years old/years of age) after you graduate from university?
大学毕业后,你将已经23多久了?

B: I will have been 23 (years old/years of age) for only one month.
我将23岁才一个月。

情态动词 have to 和 should:

A: How old do you have to be to drive in China?
在中国,你必须多大才能开车?

B: I have to be at least 18 (years old/years of age).
我至少得18岁。

千万不要使用 have/has:

误:I have 35 (years old/years of age).

二、at + 基数词或 at the age of + 基数词,通常用于在讨论过去或将来的某个年龄,例如:

1、at + 基数词:

过去完成时:

At 21 (years old/years of age), I had already traveled to 15 countries.
21岁时,我已经去过15个国家。

过去时:

I started driving at 16 (years old/years of age).
我16岁开始开车。

将来时:

At 35 (years old/years of age), I will be a professional singer.
35岁时,我将成为一名职业歌手。

I will be a millionaire at 40 (years old/years of age).
我将在40岁时成为百万富翁。

2、at the age of + 基数词:

He died in a nursing home at the age of 87. 
他在一家养老院去世,享年87岁。

At the age of 18, she won first prize in a talent contest. 
18岁那年,她在一次大奖赛中获得一等奖。

He started piano lessons at the age of 7. 
他7岁开始上钢琴课。

也可以使用 at age + 基数词,比较简洁但是没有 at the age of + 基数词正式:

He is at age twenty.
他二十岁。

三、turn + 基数词,可以省略 years old,通常用于讨论年龄的变化,主要用于将来时,少数也可以用于过去式,例如:

将来时:

How old will you be turning? I’ll be turning 30 on my next birthday.
你将多大岁数?我下个生日就满30岁了。

将来完成时:

A: Will you have turned 30 by the time you start your company?
到你创办公司的时候,你将已经30岁了吗?

B: 
肯定回答:
Yes, I will have turned 30.
是的,我已经30岁了。

否定回答:
No, I will not have turned 30.
不,我将还没30岁。

过去完成时:

A: Had you turned 21 when you lived abroad?
你在国外住的时候21岁了吗?

B: 
肯定回答:Yes, I had turned 21.
是的,我已经21岁了。

否定回答:
No, I hadn’t turned 21.
不,我还没满21岁。

四、定语从句来描述年龄,引导词为代词 that 和 who, years old 可以省略,例如:

I taught a student last week who was 10 (years old).
上周我教了一个10岁的学生。

People that are under 25 (years old) have to pay more for car insurance.
25岁以下的人必须为汽车保险付更多的钱。

五、“基数词-month | year-old" 作形容词修饰语,year 后面不能加 ”s“,中间的破折号”-“不能省略,例如:

My 7-year-old cousin speaks 4 languages.
我7岁的表妹会说4种语言。

His 5-year-old kid can ride a bicycle.
他5岁的孩子会骑自行车。

Lily is an eighteen-year-old girl.
莉莉是一个十八岁的女孩。

The 10-month-old baby is able to walk by his own.
这个10个月大的婴儿能自己走路。

六、表示”在某人几十岁“,用 in one's + 基数词复数形式,例如:

He is in his sixties.---->从60岁到69岁之间

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