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考研英语系列 20170918 一、碎片化单词学习 neighborhood [ˈneɪbərhʊd] ★★☆☆☆ 释 n. the area around you or around a particular place, or the people who live there 街区；城区；邻近的地方；邻居 搭 in the neighborhood 在附近 例 After several years of living in the city, it can be difficult to remember how certain neighborhoods first appeared. 在这个城市生活多年以后，很难回忆起某些街区最初是什么样子的。||The book has come to be seen as an accusation of the permissive parenting that permeates the country's affluent neighborhoods , where kids get ice-cream just for making their beds. 这本书已经被看作是对自由式教育的谴责，这种教育方式在美国富裕的街区十分盛行，孩子们仅仅因为自己铺床就可以得到冰激凌作为奖励。 同 locality ( n. 地区，地点) || vicinity ( n. 周围地区，邻近地区) disorder [dɪsˈɔːrdər] ★★☆☆☆ 释 n. a mental or physical illness which prevents part of your body from working properly 失调，紊乱；疾病；混乱，杂乱 记 词根记忆：dis(=not，不，没有)+order(顺序) →没有顺序→混乱，杂乱 例 It is said that more than 70 million Americans suffer from sleep disorders . 据说 7,000 多万美国人患有睡眠障碍。|| Heart and blood vessel disorders, chronic respiratory diseases share common risk factors we can change, namely an unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity and, of course, tobacco use. 心血管疾病和慢性呼吸道疾病有着共同的、可改变的致病因素，那就是不健康的饮食、缺乏身体锻炼，当然还有吸烟。 派 disordered ( a. 混乱的，杂乱的) furthermore [ˌfɜːrðərˈmɔːr] ★★★☆☆ 释 ad. in addition to what has already been said 而且；此外 例 He said that he hasn't made the final decision; furthermore , he didn't even consider it yet.他说他还没有做最后的决定，而且他甚至还没认真考虑过。|| Furthermore , in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. [2006 阅读Text 3] 而且，早期用长线鱼钩捕鱼时，有许多鱼在上钩后却命丧鲨鱼之口。 同 moreover ( ad. 而且；此外) || besides ( ad. 而且；此外) 辨 furthermore 进一步说明，后面的内容比前面的更进一步，是递进关系。 ● moreover 多为补充说明，前面所说的内容及后面所补充的是并列关系，该词较为正式。 ● besides 常用于口语中，多用来指另外一个原因。 beverage [ˈbevərɪdʒ] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 n. a hot or cold drink 饮料 例 The sale of alcoholic beverages is restricted to those over 21. 酒精饮料只能出售给 21 岁以上的成年人。|| When later asked to fill out a marketing survey, those ignored in the game rated warm food and beverages as more desirable than cold or neutral items. 游戏后，参与者被要求填写一个市场调查表，在游戏中被忽视的参与者认为，他们更想得到热的食物和饮料而不是冷的或者不冷也不热的食物。 bold [boʊld] ★☆☆☆☆ 释 a. not afraid of taking risks and making difficult decisions 大胆的，敢于冒险的；轮廓 突出的；冒失的 例 It was a bold move on their part to open a branch of the business in France. 在法国开设分公司是他们迈出的大胆一步。|| "If we were really bold , we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes—by setting stringent limits on advertising,product placement and sponsorship of sports events," he said. [2011 英语(二)阅读新题型] 他说：“如果我们真的很勇敢，我们甚至可以开始像对待烟草一样对待高热量食品——对其广告、产品摆放位置和体育比赛的赞助资格实施严格限制。” 派 boldness ( n. 冒失，勇敢) || boldly ( ad. 大胆地；显眼地) 同 brave ( a. 勇敢的，大胆的) || fearless ( a. 无畏的，大胆的) 反 timid ( a. 胆小的；羞怯的) || inconspicuous ( a. 不显眼的) 二、考研英语每日一句长难句 昨天留的家庭作业: Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates，whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care． 【核心词汇】 respond [rɪˈspɒnd] v． 回答，反应 forcefully [ˈfɔːsfəlɪ] ad． 强有力地，激烈地 advocate [ˈædvəkeɪt] v． 鼓吹，提倡 n． 提倡者，鼓吹者 threaten [ˈθretən] v． 威胁，恐吓 【考点透析】定语从句 【结构分析】 （Scientists）（主语） need to respond （谓语）forcefully to animal rights advocates，（宾语）∥whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care．（非限定性定语从句） 【具体分析】 Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates（科学家应该对动物权利鼓吹者作出强有力的回应）是主句，逗号的后边是 whose 引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰 animal rights advocates（动物权利鼓吹者），定语从句的主语包含两个谓语成分 are confusing the public 和（are）threatening advances。在此句中，thereby 并没有连接句子，它只是副词，表示“借以”或“由此”。 【参考译文】 科学家应该对动物权利鼓吹者作出强有力的回应，他们的言论混淆了公众的视线。 今天的家庭作业: These days the Net，which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail，is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well． |
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