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the action of attempting to exhale with the nostrils and mouth, or the glottis, closed. This increases pressure in the middle ear and the chest, as when bracing to lift heavy objects, and is used as a means of equalizing pressure in the ears. 闭上试图用鼻孔和嘴或声门呼气的动作这增加了中耳和胸部的压力，就像在提重物时一样，也是平衡耳朵压力的一种手段。 
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