 Are non-drinkers more likely to get dementia? 不喝酒的人更容易患上痴呆症么？ According to a major new study in the British Medical Journal, people who drink heavily are more likely to get dementia. That's not surprising -- we know that excessive alcohol use is linked to lots of diseases. But what might surprise you is that people who don't drink at all are also more likely to get dementia. 根据英国医学杂志的一项最新研究，酗酒的人更容易患上痴呆症。这并不奇怪，我们知道过量饮酒与许多疾病有关。但让你吃惊的是，根本不喝酒的人更容易患上痴呆症。 dementia. [dɪˈmɛnʃə] n.[医]痴呆 Considerably so, in fact. The study -- which took 9,000 British people between the ages of 35 and 55 in the mid-1980s and followed them for 30 years -- found that people who didn't drink at all for a period of 10 years or more were almost 50% more likely to develop dementia in later life than people who drank a moderate amount. 事实上也确实如此。这项始于20世纪80年代中期的研究是对9000名年龄在35岁到55岁之间的英国人进行了长达30年的研究，发现在10年或更长的时间里根本不喝酒的人比那些喝了适量的酒的人更容易在以后的生活中患上痴呆症。 People who drank excessively -- more than the recommended 14 units a week -- were also at higher risk. 过度饮酒的人- 比被推崇的每周喝14的还多的人 - 有更大的风险。 *One unit equals 10ml or 8g of pure alcohol, which is around the amount of alcohol the average adult can process in an hour. 一个单位等于10ml或8g纯酒精，大约是成人平均一个小时可以的酒精量。 This finding is called a "J-shaped curve," because the risk dips at first, as you drink more, and then starts to climb again, in the shape of a J, or a tick. 这一发现被称为“J形曲线”，因为当你开始喝酒时，风险开始下降，然后再开始爬升，呈J形或对勾形。 Earlier studies have found the same thing, and it's actually been seen in other conditions. Heart disease, strokes and diabetes all show a similar pattern (if you don't drink, you're at higher risk; if you drink a bit, it drops, and then it climbs again). So does overall mortality, your risk of dying in a given period. 早期的研究发现了同样的现象，而且在其他条件下也有类似情况。心脏病、中风和糖尿病都表现出相似的模式（如果你不喝酒的话，你的风险就更高了；如果你喝了一点，风险就会下降，然后再上升）。总死亡率也一样，死亡的风险在某一特定阶段最高。 mortality：n. 死亡数，死亡率; What this doesn't mean, though, is that if you don't drink, you ought to start drinking for the sake of your future brain. 但是这并不是说，你不喝酒，但是为了将来自己的大脑健康，就必须开始喝酒。 For one thing, while a 50% increased risk sounds bad, it's worth putting into context. 有一点就是，尽管增加50%的风险听起来很不妙，但还是值得进行深入思考的。 Only about 400 of the study's participants -- a bit less than 5% -- actually developed dementia. Of the 1,300 long-term abstainers, 98 people (7.5%) developed dementia. The risk is indeed 50% higher, but 150% of a small number is still fairly small. 只有约400名的参与调研的人—不到5%--真正患上了痴呆症。而1300名长期戒酒者中，有98人（7.5%）患上了痴呆症，风险确实大于50%，但是对于一个很小的数目来说，它的150%也还是个非常小的数目。 Second, it's far from clear that abstaining from alcohol actually causes the dementia -- or, more accurately, it's not clear that alcohol has a protective effect. That's because, in British society at least, people who don't drink at all are quite unusual. 第二点，还远不能证明是否是把酒戒掉而可能导致痴呆，或者更准确地说，酒精是否有保护作用还不明了。因为，至少在英国，滴酒不沾的人很难找。 You can see that in the study. People in the "abstainers" group are more likely to be non-white, less likely to have higher educational certificates, more likely to live alone. 在研究中你能发现，戒酒者小组中，非白人较多，高学历者较少，独居者较多。 abstainer： 英 [əbˈsteɪnə(r)] n. 节制者，戒酒者，弃权者 👇 |
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