表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … then , hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。 如: When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting. 我进办公室的时候,老师们正在开会。 原因状语从句表示原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等,for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语气不如because强。 如: He is disappointed because he didn't get the position. 他很失望,因为他没有得到这个职位。 引导地点状语从句连词是where 和wherever等。 如:Sit wherever you like.随便坐哪儿都行。 引导目的状语从句最常用的词组是so, so that (从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防,以免等。) 如: Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. 说清楚,这样他们就能理解你。 结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。由so that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so … that, such … that等引导。 如: She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting. 她病了,所以没有参加会议。 条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意:条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。 如: If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 如果他不在办公室,他一定出去吃午饭了。 让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。注意:as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。 如: Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个小孩,但他懂得很多。 方式状语从句:as, as if 、though, the way, rather than引导。 如: You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必须按我教你的那样做练习 比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。 如: I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. 我犯的错误比你多。 |
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