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Our microbiomes, the tiny organisms that live on us and in us, can influence our health. 微生物群(生活在我们皮肤和体内的微生物)会影响我们的健康。 And a recent study looked at microbiome composition and diversity, depending on where and how we live, given the same latitude and climate across South America: 最近，一项研究探索了微生物群的构成和多样性，在南美同样的纬度和气候条件下，微生物多样性取决于我们生活的地域和方式: "We found, in a gradient of rbar inatic from jungle houses, huts of Amer indian people living traditional lifestyles, all the way to a modern city like Manaus was differences in microbes from our houses and from our skin and differences in exposure to chemicals." “我们发现，在城市化的梯度中，从丛林住宅、拥有传统生活方式的美洲印第安人的小屋，到马瑙斯这样的现代城市，我们的房子和皮肤.上的微生物以及接触化学物质的程度存在差异。” Microbiologist Maria Gloria Dominguez Bello from Rutgers University. 玛丽亚.格洛里亚.多明格斯.贝洛是罗格斯大学的微生物学家。 She and her colleagues collected samples from people, pets and spaces in homes like the kitchen, bathroom and bedrooms. 她和她的同事从人、宠物、家里的厨房、浴室和卧室等收集了样本。 They analyzed bacteria, fungi, parasites and chemicals. 他们分析了细菌、真菌、寄生虫和化学物质。 And they found two trends as you go from the rain forest to a farm to a town to the city of Manaus. With increasing population density: 从雨林到农场到城镇再到马瑙斯市，他们发现了两种趋势。随着人口密度的增加: "We are exposed to a higher diversity of fungi. We carry more diversity of fungi in our skin,but in our gut, we lose microbial diversity." “我们接触到更多种类的真菌，皮肤携带更多种类的真菌，但是,我们的肠道缺乏微生物多样性。” The study is in the journal Nature Microbiology. 这项研究发表于杂志《自然微生物学》。 Urban homes use more chemical cleaners than do rural or rain forest homes. 城市家庭比农村或雨林家庭使用更多化学清洁剂。 And they're more likely to be built out of synthetic materials. 这些清洁剂更有可能由合成材料制成。 So city residents are burdened with more chemicals including metabolites of cleaners, detergents and paints in and on their bodies. 因此，城市居民的体内和皮肤有更多化学物质，包括清洁剂的代谢物、洗涤剂和油漆。 In addition, the microbes of urban dwellers are far more like each other than they are like the more healthful mix found in the rain forest. 另外，城市居民的各类微生物彼此更为相像，但远不同于雨林中居民的更健康的微生物群。 Dominguez Bello thinks one reason is that we are too isolated from natural landscapes. 贝洛认为，其中一个原因是我们远离自然景观。 "We have grown, culturally, very anti-dirt. We call dirt 'dirt' and, you know, we call the soil 'dirt,' and that already has a connotation of undesirable." “在文化上，我们极其反对肮脏。我们称土为‘土’，你知道，我们称土壤为‘土’本身就赋予了其不受欢迎的含义。” Perhaps city living could be a bit healthier with fewer chemicals from cleansers and more microbes from what gets cleaned. 也许城市生活可以更健康一些，可以通过减少清洁剂中的化学物质，增加被清洁物品中的微生物。 |
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