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keep one's hair on,不要理解为“留住某人的头发”

 外语行天下 2021-04-22
若不是学习过,英语中有些短语真的很难懂,比如 eat crow 和 get sb's goat 等等,不要把它们理解为它们的字面意思“吃乌鸦”和“取某人的山羊”。显而易见,它们的字面意思是不合理的,类似的还有 keep one's hair on,也不要把它理解为“留住某人的头发”。

eat crow    被迫认错:

His predictions were completely wrong, and he had to eat crow. 
他的预测完全错误,他不得不认错。

I think Ellen is a perfectionist because the thought of having to eat crow terrifies her.
我认为艾伦是个完美主义者,因为一想到要认错,她就害怕。

get sb's goat    激怒或惹恼某人:

That guy just gets my goat every time he opens his mouth.
每次他开口都会惹我生气。

It really gets my goat when people smoke in non-smoking areas.
当人们在无烟区吸烟时,我真的很生气。


同样地 keep one's hair on,不是“留住某人的头发”,它用来比喻要求某人保持冷静,不要过激,相当于 keep calm,例如:

Keep your hair on, Mum. You can hardly see the damage.
妈妈,保持冷静。你几乎看不到损坏。

Keep your hair on! We’ve got plenty of time to get to the airport.
保持冷静!我们有足够的时间去机场。

I always tell my clients to keep their hair on when you are sitting in court.
当你坐在法庭上的时候,我总是告诉我的客户要保持冷静。

My mother would always keep her hair on when she would argue with my father.
当我母亲和我父亲争吵时,她总是保持冷静。


不得不惊叹语言的魅力,以后若遇到类似的表达方式,应该第一时间想到它们被用作比喻意义,特别是它们的意思不合理时。

无论作动词还是形容词,calm 都跟“镇静”有关;作动词时,意为“使镇静,使平静”,常用与短语动词 calm down;因此要表示“保持冷静”,还可以说 keep/remain/stay calm,例如:

It is important to keep calm in an emergency.
情况紧急的时候,保持镇静是重要的。

The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm. 
警方吁请公众保持镇静。

Look, calm down! We'll find her.
喂,镇静一点!我们会找到她的。

We waited inside until things calmed down.

我们待在室内,直到一切都恢复了平静。

The main thing is to stay calm. 
最重要的是要保持冷静。


此时的 calm 相当于 cool,因此要表达“保持冷静、使平静或使镇静”,还可以用 cool 相关的表达方式,例如:

Keep cool!
保持冷静!

Cool it!
冷静下来!

I think you should wait until she's cooled down a little.
我觉得你应该等她镇静一点再说。

A few hours in a police cell should cool him off.
在警察局班房里关上几个小时就会使他平静下来。


词或词组辨析:

1. prediction [prɪˈdɪkʃn] 意为“语言,预测”

2. terrify [ˈterɪfaɪ] 意为“使恐惧,使十分害怕,使惊吓”

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