【原】塑料瓶矿泉水机场被禁？

Amber看世界 2021-05-21

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Air travelers to and from the City by the Bay will now experience water in new ways.

从海湾边的城市坐飞机出发和转机的游客们如今将会有一种新的喝水体验。

Starting Tuesday, those wishing to hydrate at San Francisco International Airport will have to drink from a water fountain, bring their own reusable bottle or prepare to buy an airport-approved glass or aluminum water bottle.

从周二开始，希望在旧金山国际机场补水的乘客必须从饮水机喝水，自带可重复使用的水瓶，或者准备购买经机场批准的玻璃或铝水瓶装水。

The airport is adding plastic water bottles to its list of restricted food service items as part of an effort to become the world's first zero-waste airport by 2021.

为了在2021年之前成为世界上第一个零浪费机场，该机场将把塑料水瓶添加到了其限制食品服务项目清单中。

According to the nonprofit Zero Waste Alliance, that means diverting at least 90% of waste from landfills and incinerators by recycling and composting.

根据非营利性组织零废物联盟的说法，这意味着通过回收和堆肥可以至少将90%的垃圾从垃圾填埋场和焚烧厂转移出去。

Purified water, carbonated or sparkling water, mineral water and electrolyte-enhanced water are all officially banned.

纯净水、碳酸或气泡水、矿泉水和电解水都被官方禁止了。

This means airport vendors, including vending machines, can no longer sell or provide free bottled water in a plastic bottle, a sealed box, can or other container intended primarily for single-service use and having a capacity of 1 liter or less.

这意味着包括自动售货机在内的机场供应商不能再销售或提供免费瓶装水，这些瓶装水装在塑料瓶、密封盒、罐头或其他容器中，这些容器都是一次性使用，容量不超过1升。

Vendors will be able to sell or provide reusable recyclable aluminum, glass and certified compostable water products, according to the airport.

机场方面表示，供应商将能够销售或提供可重复使用的可回收铝、玻璃和经过认证的可分解水产品。

Travelers also have the option of bringing empty disposable plastic water bottles to fill up at any of the airport's approximately 100 free water fountains and hydration stations.

旅客还可以携带空的一次性塑料水瓶，到机场大约100个免费的饮水机和补水站去取水。

Critics may wonder if the new water-bottle ban is truly green or just greenwashing -- falsely conveying that environmental responsibility has been factored into its operations.

批评人士可能想知道，新的瓶装水禁令到底是真正的绿色环保，还是只是在“洗绿”——错误地传达出环保责任已被纳入其运营之中。

After all, the initiative does not apply to bottles of flavored drinks, such as soda, iced tea, coffee and juice.

毕竟，这一举措并不适用于瓶装调味饮料，比如苏打水、冰茶、咖啡和果汁。

Others, though, see the step-by-step progress made by SFO, the code for the city's airport.

不过，另一些人看到了SFO逐步取得的进展，SFO是旧金山机场的代码。

Earlier this year, for instance, the airport transitioned away from single-use plastic food-service ware and utensils.

例如，今年早些时候，机场就开始禁止使用一次性塑料餐具及用具。

Annually, SFO generates more than 28 million pounds of waste, including about 10,000 water bottles sold daily -- amounting to nearly 4 million each year, according to the airport.

根据机场的数据，SFO每年产生超过2800万磅的垃圾，其中包括每天售出的约1万个水瓶——每年将近400万个。

Consider, too, that scientists estimate a single plastic bottle takes anywhere from 450 to 1,000 years to biodegrade.

此外，科学家们估计，一个塑料瓶要经过450年到1000年的时间才能被生物降解。

And, just as Mother Earth is finding it difficult to process all this plastic, our human bodies may be experiencing the same problem.

而且，就像地球母亲很难处理所有这些塑料一样，我们人类的身体可能也在经历同样的问题。

Every day we ingest tiny, often microscopic pieces of plastic -- "microplastics" -- with our food, beverages and with the very air we breathe.

每天，我们在食物、饮料和我们呼吸的空气中都会摄入微小的、通常是微观的塑料——“微塑料”。

In fact, Americans eat, drink and breathe between 74,000 and 121,000 microplastic particles each year, depending on their age and sex, according to a recent study published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology.

事实上，根据最近发表在《环境科学与技术》杂志上的一项研究，美国人每年吃、喝和呼吸的塑料微粒在7.4万至12.1万个之间，这取决于他们的年龄和性别。

If bottled water (and not tap) is our only source of hydration, annual plastic particle intake via drinking water is estimated to be approximately 75,000 for boys, 127,000 for men, 64,000 for girls and 93,000 for women, the researchers noted.

研究人员指出，如果瓶装水(而不是自来水)是我们唯一的补水来源，那么每年通过饮用水摄入的塑料颗粒估计约为7.5万男孩、12.7万男性、6.4万女孩和9.3万女性。

The total health impact of ingesting plastic is not yet known.

摄入塑料对健康的总体影响尚不清楚。

But studies suggest that some particles are small enough to enter our tissues, where they can trigger an immune reaction, or release toxic substances and pollutants absorbed from the environment, including heavy metals.

但已有研究表明，一些颗粒小到足以进入我们的组织，在那里它们可以触发免疫反应，或释放从环境中吸收的有毒物质和污染物，包括重金属。