英语中有很多短语是通过并列连词 and 或 or 连接起来的,如 neck and neck 或 more or less 等,也有一些是通过介词 to 或 by 连接的,如 one by one 或 back to back. 由于连接词不一样,形成的短语的意思和用法也参差不齐或灵活多变,大概的规律是:用 and 连接而成的短语有“强强联合”的感觉,如 neck and neck 意为“势均力敌,不分上下”,尤指在比赛中,例如:The two boys ran toward the finish line neck and neck.Mary and Ann were neck and neck in the spelling contest.用 or 连接而成的短语有“意犹未尽”的味道,如 give or take 意为“相差不到…”,通常指某个数量,例如:We'll finish the job at 7:00 p.m, give or take a few minutes.而用 by 连接的短语有“循序渐进”的内涵,如 one by one 意为“逐个地”,例如: The teacher required the students to enter the class one by one.那么用介词 to 连接的短语是什么样的表现形式呢?通常用介词 to 连接而成的短语有“前呼后应“的韵味,如 back to back 意为”背对背”,它还可以意为“接二连三地,接连地”等,而且常用作它的形容词形式 back-to-back,意为“背对背的,接二连三的”等,例如:The office was full of computers, and we had to sit back to back in long rows.办公室里堆满了电脑,我们不得不背靠背地坐成一长排。In the first and second rows of the bus, the seats were back-to-back, an unusual arrangement.在公共汽车的第一排和第二排,座位是背靠背的,这是一种不同寻常的安排。The team secured back-to-back victories this afternoon, thanks to their fantastic goalkeeper.多亏了他们出色的守门员,这支球队今天下午取得了背靠背的胜利。但是用 and 或 or 等连词与用 by 或 to 等介词连词的短语还是有一定的区别的;用 and 或 or 等连词连接而成的短语通常不用它们的字面意思,如 tooth and nail 或 root and branch 等,而用 by 或 to 等介词连接而成的短语通常有或只有它们的字面意思,如 face to face 或 step by step 等等。一、tooth and nail,常用于 fight tooth and nail 搭配中,意为“全力以赴地斗争”,例如:We fought tooth and nail to get the route of the new road changed.二、root and branch,意为“彻底地”,例如:The laws has been reformed root and branch.三、face to face (with sb),意为“面对面”,例如: 四、step by step,意为“逐步地”,例如:He learned a lot of skills step by step.您的支持最重要!!!如果您觉得这篇文章对您有帮助,请不要吝啬在右下角点“在看”和点赞。为了防止迷路,请设置为”星标“,我们将一如既往地输出更多优质的此类文章。
|