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【备考打卡】同等学力每日一学(3月26日)

 相国转角 2021-12-28
坚持不一定成功,但放弃一定会失败!

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考试倒计时:
      距离2021年5月23日全国统一考试仅有56天!

     公告:

      2021年同等学力考试季,今起转入大量阅读理解与完形(含短文完成)的学习阶段,希望立志于2021年通过英语考试的同学紧跟节奏,展开为期48天的强化学习!

      本阶段学习精髓:认真吃透一套真题比糊弄吞枣的做N年真题管用,关键是在“透”字上下功夫。

备考2021工商

某种产品的现实购买者与潜在购买者需求的总和是指(   )。

A、市场               

B、 欲望

C、需求               

D、 需要

【答案提示】:A。解析:市场,是指具有特定需要和欲望,而且愿意并能够通过交换来满足这种需要或欲望的全部潜在顾客。因此,在这里,市场是指某种产品的现实购买者与潜在购买者需求的总和。具体指引详见考纲《市场营销》第1章第1P300页。

备考2021经济

以下各项中,(     )不是影响财政支出规模的因素。

A、经济性因素

B、政治性因素

C、社会性因素

D、技术性因素

【答案提示】D。解析:影响财政支出规模的因素:经济性因素、政治性因素、社会性因素。具体指引详见考纲《财政学》第2章第2节P450页。

备考2021心理学

对问题和资料进行深入的探索和思考属于创造性思维的()期。

A、准备 

B、酝酿

C、豁朗     

D、验证

【答案提示】B。解析:创造性思维的过程:分为准备期、酝酿期、豁朗期和验证期。 具体指引详见考纲《普通心理学》第7章第4

备考2021公共管理

简述卫生事业管理的内容

【答案提示】①公共卫生监测和分析;②突发公共卫生事件处理;③实施疾病预防与控制;④提供基本医疗保障 。具体指引详见考纲《公共管理基础》第3章第3P48页

备考2021法学

下列那种情形体现罪责刑相适应原则(       )。

A、对累犯从重处罚         

B、对自首、立功的从宽处罚

B、对中止犯处罚宽大于未遂犯、预备犯    

D、对不满18周岁的人犯罪,应当从轻或者减轻处罚。

【答案提示】:A。解析:《刑法》第五条规定,“刑罚的轻重,应当与犯罪分子所犯罪行和承担的刑事责任相适应”。具体指引详见考纲《刑法》第2章第3P433--434页。

管理科学与工程

简答组织变革的目标和动因

【答案提示】组织的一般目标包括:改善激励,提高工作绩效;加强协作,明确沟通渠道;降低缺勤率和人员流动率;减少矛盾与冲突;降低成本。组织变革的动因包括原发性(组织自身技术、规模、人员素质、变化等变革的要求)和继发性。具体指引详见考纲《管理理学》第5章第4

备考2021西医综合

下列术后引流管的处理方法中,错误的是(     )。

A、各种引流管注意无堵塞、扭曲、脱出

B、注意记录引流液的色泽和量

C、置于胆道的T型管引流一律在术后一周拔除

D、胃肠减压管在胃肠功能剧恢复后拔除

E、乳胶片引流多在手术后24-48小时拔除

【答案提示】:C。题解:T管引流常 应在术后两周经T管造 影后,病情允许时才拔除,若病情不允许还可放置更久,甚至可长达半年左右。

备考2021英语

阅读理解

For centuries, in the countries of south and Southeast Asia the elephant has been an intimate part of the culture, economy and religion, and nowhere more so than in Thailand. Unlike its African cousin, the Asian elephant is easily domesticated (驯化). The rare so-called white elephants have actually lent the authority of kingship to its rulers and until the 1920s the national flag was a white elephant on a red background. To the early Western visitors the country's romantic name was “Land of the White Elephant”.

Today, however, the story is very different. Out of work and out of land, the Thai elephant struggles for survival in a nation that no longer needs it. The elephant has found itself more or less abandoned by previous owners who have moved on to a different economic world and a westernized society.  And while the elephant's problems began many years ago, now it rates a very low national priority.

How this reversal from national icon (圣像) to neglected animal came about is a tale of worsening environmental and the changing lives of the Thais themselves. According to Richard Lair, Thailand’s experts on the Asian elephant and author of the report Gone Astray, at the turn of the century there may well have been as many as 100,000 domestic elephants in the country.  In the north of Thailand alone it was estimated that more than 20,000 elephants were employed in transport, 1,000 of them alone on the road between the cities of Chiang Mai and Chiang Saen.  This was at a time when 90 per cent of Thailand was still forest—a habitat (栖息地) that not only supported the animals but also made them necessary to carry goods and people. Nothing ploughs through dense forest better than a massive but sure-footed elephant.

By 1950 the elephant population had dropped to a still substantial 13,397, but today there are probably no more than 3,800, with another 1,350 roaming free in the national parks. But now, Thailand’s forest covers only 20 per cent of the land. This deforestation (采伐森林) is the central point of the elephant's difficult situation, for it has effectively put the animals out of work. This century, as the road network grew, so the elephant's role as a beast of burden declined.

1. What can we know about African elephants from the passage?

A. It is easy to tame them.

B. It is hard to tame them.

C. They are living a better life than Asian elephants.

D. Their fate is quite similar to that of Asian elephants.

2. Thailand was once called “Land of the White Elephant” because_______.

A. white elephant is rarely seen and thus very special

B. white elephant was a national symbol until the 1920s

C. white elephant has helped kings to gain the ruling authority

D. this name was so romantic that it was popular among visitors

3. Why is the Thai elephant “out of work”, according to the author?

A. Because the elephants are no longer useful to their owners.

B. Because their owners are westernized and neglect them.

C. Because the government pays little attention to the problem.

D. Because there are too many elephants and too few jobs.

4. Which of the following statements is true about the elephant population at various times?

A. There were 100,000 tamed elephants at the turn of the century.

B. 20,000 elephants were employed in transport in Thailand at the turn of the century.

C. By 1950 the elephant population in Thailand has been quite small.

D. Today the elephant population is estimated at 5,150.

5. The passage is most probably from_______.

A. a travel magazine                    

B. a history book

C. a research report                    

D. an official announcement

【翻译】:

几个世纪以来,在南亚和东南亚国家,大象一直是文化、经济和宗教的重要组成部分,在泰国尤其如此。与它的非洲表亲不同,亚洲象很容易驯化.罕见的所谓白象实际上把王权的权威借给了它的统治者,直到20世纪20年代,国旗还是红色背景上的白象。对早期的西方游客来说,这个国家浪漫的名字是“白象之地”。

然而今天,情况大不相同。没有工作,没有土地,泰国大象在一个不再需要它的国家里为生存而挣扎。这头大象发现自己或多或少被以前的主人抛弃了,他们已经转向了一个不同的经济世界和一个西方化的社会。虽然大象的问题在很多年前就开始了,但现在它被列为一个非常低的国家优先事项。

这种逆转是如何从国家图标圣像,《被忽视的动物》讲述了环境恶化和泰国人自身生活变化的故事。根据泰国亚洲象专家、《误入歧途》报告的作者理查德·莱尔的说法,在世纪之交,泰国很可能有多达10万头家养大象。仅在泰国北部,估计就有20,000多头大象被用于运输,其中1,000头在清迈和清桑之间的公路上。当时泰国90%的土地仍然是森林——一个栖息地(栖息地)这不仅支撑了动物,也使它们成为运送货物和人的必要工具。没有什么比一只巨大但脚步稳健的大象更能穿越密林了。

到1950年,大象的数量已经下降到13,397头,但今天可能不超过3,800头,另有1,350头在国家公园里自由漫步。但现在,泰国的森林只覆盖了20%的土地。这种毁林是大象困境的中心点,因为它有效地使动物失业。本世纪,随着公路网的发展,大象作为负担的动物的角色下降了。

【答案】:

1.[B]事实细节题。本题考查对比处。根据文章第l段第3句:和非洲象不同,亚洲象容易驯养,言下之意就是:非洲象不易驯养。答案中用tame替代原文的domesticate,意思相同。选项A与原文意思正好相反;选项C,D原文根本未提到。

2.[B]推理判断题。根据文章第l段第4句中的“until the 1920s the national flag was a white elephant on a red background.”可知当时白象是泰国的国家象征,因此B为正确选项。本题最具干扰性的是选项D,在形式上,选项D与第1段最后一句极为相似,但是,游客这样称呼泰国,原因也是因为白象是泰国的象征,而不只是因为这个名字浪漫,因此,选项D是对原文的曲解;选项A和选项C虽然也来自文章,但不是原因,不能回答所提问题。

3.[A]推理判断题。文章有几处解释了大象失业的原因,如第2段的第2句“a nation that no longer needs it (Thai elephant)”及最后一段的最后一句“the elephant’s role as a beast of burden declined”等。选项A是对这些解释的一个基本概括。选项B中westernized和neglect虽在文章中出现,但选项B只是对想像的描述,不能解释大象“失业”的原因。选项C来自第2段最后一句话,但这句话只能说明大象不再受重视,不能作为大象“失业”的理由。选项D原文未提及,而且,从第3、4段可以看出:大象的数量急剧下降,谈不上“太多”。

4.[D]事实细节题。此题考查的是大象数量变化的情况。四个选项中的数字惟有选项D没有直接出现,但根据第4段第l句很容易推算出来。选项A和B虽用了原文的数据,但选项A忽略了may这个词,而且未点明泰国,故不妥。B则忽略了in the north of Thailand及more than这两处。选项C中的small与原文substantial(大量的)冲突,也不对。

5.[C]主旨大意题。从本文所用的大量客观的数据和数字可以推断这是一篇研究报告。本文趣味性不足,因此不能选A。选项B不能选,是因为历史书不可能如此大篇幅的描述大象的问题。选项D也不是正确答案,因为政府公告通常是一些规定,而不是客观的陈述。

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