氢气促进农药降解！

这是来自南京农业大学沈教授团队的工作，先给大家一个摘要学习吧。

J Hazard Mater

. 2021 Sep 22;424(Pt A):127291. 

Regulation of chlorothalonil degradation by molecular hydrogen

Yueqiao Wang 1, Tong Zhang 1, Jun Wang 1, Sheng Xu 2, Wenbiao Shen 3

Pesticides can accumulate throughout the food chain to potentially endanger human health. Although molecular hydrogen (H2) is widely used in industry and medicine, its application in agriculture is just beginning. This study showed that H2 enhances the degradation of the fungicide chlorothalonil (CHT) in plants, but does not reduce its antifungal efficacy. Pharmacological evidence confirmed the contribution of H2-stimulated brassinosteroids (BRs) in the above responses. The genetic increased endogenous H2 with overexpression of hydrogenase 1 gene (CrHYD1) from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in Arabidopsis not only increased BRs levels, but also eventually intensified the degradation of CHT. Expression of genes encoding some enzymes responsible for detoxification in tomato and Arabidopsis were also stimulated. Contrasting responses were observed after the pharmacological removal of endogenous BR. We further proved that H2 control of CHT degradation was relatively universal, with at least since its degradation in Chinese cabbage, cucumber, radish, alfalfa, rice, and rapeseed were differentially enhanced by H2. Collectively, above results clearly indicated that both exogenously and endogenously applied with H2 could stimulate degradation of CHT partially via BR-dependent detoxification. These results may open a new window for environmental-friendly hydrogen-based agriculture.

农药可以在整个食物链中积累，可能危及人类健康。虽然氢分子广泛应用于工业和医药，但其在农业上的应用才刚刚起步。本研究表明，氢气增强了杀菌剂百菌清(CHT)在植物中的降解，但不降低其抗真菌效果。降解加速不影响抗真菌作用，这是比较不好理解的。

药理学证据证实了氢气刺激的油菜素内酯(BRs)在上述反应中的作用。拟南芥Chlamydomonas reinhardtii基因通过过表达氢化酶1基因(CrHYD1)增加内源氢气，不仅增加了BRs水平，而且最终加剧了CHT的降解。在番茄和拟南芥中，编码一些解毒酶的基因也被刺激表达。在药理学上去除内源性BR后观察对比反应。我们进一步证明了氢气对CHT降解的控制是比较普遍的，至少在白菜、黄瓜、萝卜、紫花苜蓿、水稻和油菜中，氢气对CHT降解有不同程度的促进作用。

不同植物都具有类似作用，这说明氢气的这一作用具有普遍性，也进一步证明了氢气的这种作用的可靠性和客观性。

综上所述，外源和内源施用氢气均可通过br依赖性解毒部分促进CHT的降解。这些结果可能为环境友好型氢农业打开了一个新的窗口。

点评：1、通过氢化酶提高氢气产生，这种证据说明，内源性氢气具有生理作用，这再次证明氢气是一种生理调节分子。由于氢气的扩散能力比较大，这种作用应该具有跨细胞作用，这说明氢气可以作为一种激素发挥作用。氢气是一种植物激素，几年前中科院曾纪晴曾经提出这个观点。

2、多种植物具有类似作用，而且这些植物的类型比较多，种属差异比较大，如有十字花的白菜油菜，也有水稻黄瓜，这强烈提示氢气作用在植物领域的广谱性和重要性。当然也进一步说明氢气植物效应的确定性。