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1.Are single people happy? 单身的人们真的幸福吗？ 2.Does their level of happiness change over time? 他们的幸福指数是否会随着时间而改变呢？  3.If they are happy, what is the source of their positive feelings—is it satisfaction with being single or satisfaction with life in general? 如果他们幸福，那么他们的正面的感受来源是什么--是对单身状态满意还是对总体生活满意呢？ 4.These are some of the questions that recent research—by Oh et al., to be published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin—attempted to answer. 最近的一项研究就试图回答这些问题，该研究由欧教授等进行，即将发表在《个性与社会心理学通报》上。 5.Participants were selected from a German longitudinal investigation. 此次研究的参与者选自一个德国的纵向研究。 6.There were three cohorts and 10 waves of yearly data collection. 研究设有三个分组以及10轮年度数据收集。 7.The sample consisted of 3,439 participants (across ten waves)—age range of 14 to 39 years old at the beginning of the study. 样本由3439名参与者组成(跨越10个波)——研究开始时的年龄范围为14至39岁。  8.The great majority of singles had never married, 5% had separated or divorced, and 0.2% were widowed. 大部分的单身者没有婚史，5%处于分居或者离婚状态，还有0.2%是丧偶人群。 9.The sample also included participants who were not single initially (i.e. at Wave 1) but became single later (if they provided three or more waves of data on singlehood satisfaction). 样本还包括最初不是单身(即第一波)但后来成为单身的参与者(如果他们提供了三波或更多关于单身满意度的数据)。 10.The majority of these individuals had been in “non-cohabiting romantic relationships” during the first wave. 在第一轮调查时，这些人中的大多数已经处于“非同居的恋爱关系”。 11.The investigation used two measures. 这次研究有两个主题。 12.Satisfaction with singlehood: “How satisfied are you with your situation as a single?” 第一个是对单身的满意度：“你对目前单身的现状满意度如何？” 13.Life satisfaction: “All in all, how satisfied are you with your life at the moment?” 第二个是对生活的满意度：“总体来说，你对目前生活的满意度如何？” 14.The results showed a “positive lagged bidirectional association between singlehood satisfaction and life satisfaction.” 结果显示“单身满意度和生活满意度之间存在正向滞后双向关联”。  15.In particular: Higher singlehood satisfaction predicted higher life satisfaction a year later. 具体来说：单身满意度越高，一年后生活满意度越高。 16.Higher life satisfaction predicted higher singlehood satisfaction a year later. 更高的生活满意度预示着一年后更高的单身满意度。 17.In general, life satisfaction was more strongly predictive of future singlehood satisfaction than the opposite. 总的来说，生活满意度对未来单身满意度的预测比相反更强。 Specifically, the effect was three times larger in the first case. 具体来说，第一种情况的影响是第二种情况的三倍。 18.As noted, the data suggest single people are happier and more satisfied with their lives than commonly believed. 综上所述，数据表明单身人士比通常认为的更幸福，对生活更满意。 19.But aren’t there good reasons for expecting singles to be unhappy? 但是，认为单身者不快乐难道就没有好的理由吗？ 20.After all, aren’t relationships important for well-being and mental health—whereas loneliness is linked with mental illness and physical health conditions, such as pain? 毕竟，人际关系对幸福和心理健康难道不重要吗——而孤独不是与精神疾病和身体健康状况(如疼痛)有关吗？ 21.While it is true that we all need to belong, romantic relationships are not the only way to meet belongingness needs. 虽然我们都需要归属感，但恋爱关系并不是满足归属需求的唯一方式。  22.And this is what previous researchhas shown. 这是之前研究所发现的。 23.For instance, compared to married individuals, singles are more inclined to provide and receive support from friends, neighbors, parents, and brothers or sisters. 例如，与已婚人士相比，单身人士更倾向于提供和接受朋友、邻居、父母和兄弟姐妹的支持。 24.In the present investigation, especially for individuals “going in and out of relationships,” their “relationships with friends and family predicted their life satisfaction while their singlehood satisfaction did not.” 在目前的调查中，特别是对于“进入和离开过一段关系”的个人来说，“他们与朋友和家人的关系预测了他们的生活满意度，而单身满意度则并没有。” |
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