高层建筑节能设计的典范 - 广州珠江城大厦 | SOM

The supertall corporate headquarters building of tomorrow: an iconic, high-performance structure that is designed in such harmony with its environment that it has the potential to produce as much energy as it consumes. This aerodynamic 71-story tower in Guangzhou’s Tianhe District is the result of careful site research that incorporated the latest green technology and engineering advancements in order to harvest wind and solar energy. Awarded the project through a design competition, SOM’s team set out to create one of the world’s most energy-efficient skyscrapers.

未来的超高层公司总部大楼：一个标志性的高性能结构，其设计与环境如此和谐，它有可能产生与消耗一样多的能源。这座位于广州天河区的 71 层高空气动力学塔楼是经过仔细现场研究的结果，它结合了最新的绿色技术和工程进步，以收集风能和太阳能。通过设计竞赛获得该项目，SOM 的团队着手打造世界上最节能的摩天大楼之一。

The result is the largest radiant-cooled office building and most energy efficient super-tall building in the world, upon its completion. Starting with a double-floor lobby with a fritted glass ceiling and suspended metal panels, five floors of amenities lead to four zones of office floors. The tower’s curvilinear form and orientation capture and funnel prevailing winds into a pair of openings at each mechanical floor, where turbines generate energy for the building. With climate control systems that require less ductwork than the typical tower, the design team was able to add five additional floors to the tower. Solar panels, a double-skin curtain wall, a chilled ceiling system, under-floor air ventilation, and daylight harvesting helped the tower achieve energy savings and reduce dependency on the city’s electrical grid. Other helpful features include a climate control system that manages the city’s humid summers and a radiant ceiling made of metal panels with daylight-responsive LED lighting. The double-skin curtain wall has enclosed, automated blinds that absorb outside sound and are less prone to air leakage.

结果是建成后世界上最大的辐射冷却办公楼和最节能的超高层建筑。从带有玻璃天花板和悬挂金属板的双层大堂开始，五层设施通向四个办公楼层区域。塔的曲线形式和方向捕捉并将盛行风汇集到每个机械楼层的一对开口中，涡轮机为建筑物产生能量。由于气候控制系统需要的管道系统比典型的塔要少，设计团队能够为塔增加五层。太阳能电池板、双层幕墙、冷却天花板系统、地板下通风和日光收集帮助塔实现节能并减少对城市电网的依赖。其他有用的功能包括管理城市潮湿夏季的气候控制系统和由金属面板制成的辐射天花板和日光响应 LED 照明。双层幕墙采用封闭式自动百叶窗，可吸收外界声音，不易漏气。

An extra-sustainable design 超可持续设计

Driven to create one of the world’s most energy-efficient skyscrapers, SOM incorporated the latest sustainable technology and engineering know-how into its design of the 309-meter-tall Pearl River Tower. Inside and out, the design embodies the idea of humankind existing in harmony with the environment while significantly improving energy efficiency and comfort.

为了打造世界上最节能的摩天大楼之一，SOM 将最新的可持续技术和工程技术融入其 309 米高的珠江大厦的设计中。从内到外，该设计体现了人类与环境和谐相处的理念，同时显着提高了能源效率和舒适度。

Purposefully sleek 有目的地圆滑体量

The tower’s aerodynamic form was developed through a careful understanding of solar and wind patterns around the site. The tower’s sculpted body directs wind to a pair of openings at its mechanical floors, where traveling winds push turbines that generate energy for the building. The design optimizes the solar path, utilizing the sun to the building’s advantage while controlling solar loads. Triple-glazed facades with exterior blinds are located on the east and west elevations, and internally ventilated double-skin facades are located on the north and south. Both incorporate automated blinds, which respond to sun exposure throughout the day and greatly contribute to the building’s energy efficiency. Return air is routed through the cavity of the double-layer curtain wall, increasing in temperature as it travels upward to mechanical floors. This hot, dry air then serves as an energy source while dehumidifying the outside air.

塔楼的空气动力学形式是通过对场地周围的太阳能和风力模式的仔细了解而开发的。塔的雕刻体将风引导到其机械地板上的一对开口，行进的风推动涡轮机，为建筑物产生能量。该设计优化了太阳能路径，在控制太阳能负载的同时利用太阳对建筑物的优势。带外百叶窗的三层玻璃立面位于东西立面，内通风双层立面位于南北。两者都包含自动百叶窗，可以对全天的阳光照射做出反应，并极大地提高了建筑物的能源效率。回风通过双层幕墙的空腔，随着向上行进到机械地板而温度升高。然后，这种炎热干燥的空气可作为能源，同时对外部空气进行除湿。

Made for comfort 为舒适而生

Inside, a radiant cooling system delivers sensible cooling to the space through radiation heat transfer. Dedicated Outside Air System (DOAS) is decoupled with the radiant ceiling to promote the highest levels of human comfort and indoor air quality while addressing ventilation issues. The design of Pearl River Tower significantly reduces the amount of energy required to operate the building’s infrastructure. Energy consumption is reduced by maximizing natural daylight, reducing solar gain in air conditioned spaces, retaining rainwater for gray-water usage, and by utilizing solar gain for the building’s hot water supply. The office tower is chilled by a combination of stack venting, radiant panel cooling and chilled beams, and solar collectors integrated into the façades transform the sun’s energy to usable AC current. With these measures, Pearl River Tower represents the new benchmark in corporate office building design – a new skyscraper for a new age.

在内部，辐射冷却系统通过辐射热传递为空间提供显著冷却。专用室外空气系统 (DOAS) 与辐射天花板分离，以提高人类舒适度和室内空气质量的最高水平，同时解决通风问题。珠江大厦的设计显着减少了运营大楼基础设施所需的能源。通过最大限度地利用自然日光、减少空调空间中的太阳能增益、保留雨水以供灰水使用以及利用太阳能增益为建筑物的热水供应来降低能源消耗。办公大楼通过烟囱通风、辐射板冷却和冷梁的组合来冷却，并且集成在立面中的太阳能收集器将太阳能转化为可用的交流电流。通过这些措施，珠江大厦代表了企业办公建筑设计的新标杆——新时代的新摩天大楼。

Structurally efficient design 结构高效的设计

This strategy also has a structural advantage: the building faces the prevailing winds and uses them to relieve the structural burdens imposed by high-wind pressures. In effect, wind forces are so well managed that they become “invisible braces” to help fortify the building. Other integrated sustainable elements include solar panels, a double-skin curtain wall, a chilled ceiling system, under-floor ventilation, and daylight harvesting, all of which contribute to the building’s energy efficiency.

这种策略还具有结构优势：建筑物面对盛行风，并利用它们来减轻强风压力带来的结构负担。实际上，风力管理得非常好，以至于它们变成了“隐形支架”来帮助加固建筑物。其他综合可持续元素包括太阳能电池板、双层幕墙、冷冻天花板系统、地板下通风和日光收集，所有这些都有助于提高建筑物的能源效率。

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