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非洲正普及疟疾疫苗

 Amber看世界 2022-05-14

1.Earlier this week, Dr. Kwaku Poku Asante of Ghana got the phone call he consistently dreads. 

本周早些时候,加纳的瓦库·帕库·阿桑特医生接到了他一直害怕的电话。

2.It was his son's school. 

是他儿子的学校打来的。

3.His child had a fever. 

他的儿子发烧了

4."I'm not sure whether it's malaria," he says, "but I'm troubled."

“还不确定是不是疟疾,”他说,“但我很担心。”

5.Asante's son is 14, so he's not in the high risk group of children ages 5 and younger. 

阿桑特的儿子14岁了,所以不属于5岁及以下的高风险群体。

6.Still, parents in much of Africa are terrified by a youngster's fever, which may signal malaria.

不过,非洲的大部分父母都很怕孩子发烧,这可能是疟疾的征兆。

7.The disease defines much of Asante's professional life too, as director of the Kintampo Health Research Centre. 

阿桑特是金坦波健康研究中心的主任,这种疾病也成为他职业生涯的重要组成部分。

8."I've witnessed many, many, many, many children at the hospital," he says. 

“我在医院里看到了许许多多孩子,”他说。

9."Sometimes [they] come in convulsing. Sometimes they come in with severe anemia. Sometimes they come with vomiting."

“有时(他们)会抽搐。有时他们会有严重的贫血。有时还会呕吐。”

10.And sometimes these children die. 

甚至有时这些孩子会因此死去。

11.In 2020, the World Health Organization counted almost a quarter billion cases of malaria in kids and adults, primarily in Africa, resulting in 627,000 deaths. 

据世界卫生组织统计,2020年,儿童和成人中有近2.5亿例疟疾病例,主要在非洲,导致62.7万人死亡。

12.For years, the best protective measures have been preventative — insecticide-treated bed nets, antimalarial pills, shutting windows at night and reducing mosquito habitat.

多年来,最好的保护措施一直是预防性的——使用杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐、抗疟药、夜间关窗和减少蚊子的栖息地。

13."With all these interventions, there came a time when we plateaued," says Dr. Rose Jalang'o who works with the National Vaccines and Immunization Program at the Ministry of Health in Kenya. 

在肯尼亚卫生部国家疫苗和免疫规划工作的罗斯·洁朗医生说:“在采取了所有这些干预措施之后,我们遇到了停滞期。”

14."At that point, we needed new tools to further reduce the burden of malaria disease."

“那时,我们需要新的工具来进一步减轻疟疾的负担。”

15.“Having a malaria vaccine has the potential of reducing the deaths associated with malaria, so I think it's a really big deal," says Jalang'o. 

洁朗说:“疟疾疫苗有可能减少与疟疾有关的死亡,所以我认为这真的是一件大事。”

16.She says that community members have told her that their children are contracting malaria less: "For example, a mother tells you that a child who's been vaccinated might have only 1 or 2 episodes of malaria in a year compared to 4 or 5 cases in the past."

她说,社区成员告诉她,他们的孩子感染疟疾的次数减少了:“例如,有个母亲告诉我,接种过疫苗的孩子一年可能只会出现1到2次疟疾发作,而过去是4到5次。”

17."You know, it's not perfect," says Dyann Wirth, a geneticist at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. 

“你知道,疫苗还并不完美,”哈佛大学公共卫生学院的遗传学家迪安·怀斯说。

18."Would I like a vaccine that's 100% effective and easily given in one dose? Absolutely. But that's not the reality." 

“我想要一种100%有效且一次即可注射的疫苗吗?肯定想。但事实并非如此。”

19.Wirth chairs an independent malaria advisory group at the WHO and observes, "The vaccine shows some protection. I think not using it would not be justifiable. It is important that it be available to the populations that can benefit."

怀斯是世界卫生组织一个独立疟疾咨询小组的主席,他说:“疫苗显示出了一些保护作用。我认为不使用它是不合理的。重要的是,它能够提供给能够受益的人群。”

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