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在解答完形填空时，我们需要上下求索。“索”在哪里？大致而言，可以有以下几个方面： 1、词汇复现：所填词是否有线索词在前后。它与线索词构成“同义、近义、反义、同根、同畴、同域”关系。 2、显性逻辑：有明显的逻辑衔接语。它所明确的语义关系，就是解题线索。这样的衔接语有并列，转折，因果，条件，目的等。 3、语法搭配：一些语法规定以及固定搭配。如:Ed suggested we play. 这里的play体现的就是：“要求用虚拟”的规定。 4、隐性逻辑：没有明显的逻辑衔接语，但文本前后句依然存在某种逻辑关系。它需要我们推断出来，进 而填空。 5、常识线索：与文化、生活和环境相关的知识； 在这一讲中，杜老师把（2）与（4）合在一起，就“显隐性逻辑”再做阐述，一并总结出十大逻辑关系。 以下分别做阐述。 一、因果关系 表示因果关系的衔接语有：because, as, since, for, so, therefore, as a result, consequently, thus等。有时候题目需要我们根于语义来填入这些词，有时需要根据已经存在的“因果语义”关系，来填入表示“因”或“果”的语义词。 (1) We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts fastened 25 there might be a few bumps. (2010 四川卷） 25. A.if B.though C.because D.while (2) They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. （2017北京卷） 36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving 二、条件关系 表示条件关系的衔接语有：if, unless, on condition that等。有时候题目需要我们根于语义来填入这些词，有时需要根据已经存在的“条件语义”关系，来填入表示相关语义词。 (3) “I can help do some housework, Mum!” James said. “ 44 I can make you and Dad feel relaxed, can you do what I asked?” (2014 江西卷） 44. A. As B.If C. Since D. Before (4) The Children of Nome would be 37 if this deadly infectious disease struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. (2016 北京卷） 37. A.harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless 三、让步关系 表示让步关系的衔接语有：介词类：despite, in spite of, regardless of等。连词类有though, although, as, while以及even if, even though等。有时候题目需要我们根于语义来填入这些词，有时需要根据已经存在的“让步语义”关系，来填入表示相关语义词。 (5) Looking around, the coach continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her will and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset (财富) one can hold is the heart.”(2016 天津卷) 33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because (6) Hard though she tried to make the kids 40 , the thunder won the battle for their attention. (2013重庆卷) 40. A. concentrate B. change C. hide D. sit 四、转折关系 表示转折关系的衔接语有：but, however, on the contrary, unfortunately 等。有时候题目需要我们根于语义来填入这些词，有时需要根据已经存在的“转折语义”关系，来填入表示相关语义词。 |
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