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 △故宫的一角
我国的古代建筑大多是按照一定的建设程序和规律进行营造，在营造理念中体现了非凡的环境理念和朴素的人文精神，因此我们要重视中国古代传统建筑设计理念。
Most of the ancient buildings in China are built according to certain construction procedures and laws, which embody the extraordinary environmental concept and simple humanistic spirit. 我们的城市建设，强调要“望得见山、看得见水，记得住乡愁”，要保护弘扬中华优秀传统文化，延续城市历史文脉，保留中华文化基因;强调要贯彻落实“适用、经济、绿色、美观”的新时期建筑方针，展现时代风貌，彰显中国特色。In our urban construction, we emphasize the need to "see mountains, see water, and remember nostalgia". We should protect and carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture, continue the historical context of the city.建筑不仅涉及科学技术、物质生产、生活方式等物质文化方面，还涉及社会政治、哲学思想、审美观念、民俗民风、宗教仪式等精神文化的内容，我国的古代建筑大多是按照一定的建设程序和规律进行营造，在营造理念中体现了非凡的环境理念和朴素的人文精神。Architecture involves not only science and technology, material production, lifestyle and other material and cultural aspects, but also social politics, philosophy, aesthetic concepts, folk customs, religious ceremonies and other spiritual and cultural contents. 人与自然之间关系的探讨是中国传统哲学思想中重要的一部分内容。与西方改造自然的理念不同，中国哲学主张人与自然是和谐统一，而不是对立的。The discussion of the relationship between man and nature is an important part of Chinese traditional philosophy. 古代建筑设计，大到城市布局和设计，城市人居建设，小到单个建筑的设计布局，都讲求顺应自然，强调人与自然的和谐相处。Ancient architectural design, ranging from urban layout and design, urban human settlement construction, to the design and layout of a single building, emphasizes the harmony between man and nature.比如至今保留于诗句中的“万家前后皆临水，四槛高低尽见山”的苏州，“两岸花柳全依水，一路楼台直到山”的扬州，“七溪流水皆通海，十里青山半入城”的常熟等。For example, Suzhou, where "thousands of families are near the water before and after, and mountains can be seen at the height of the four sills".这些城市显现出人文与自然的融合性，水中建城，城中有山，山、水、城和谐相处，形成一座座山水城市。Yangzhou, where "flowers and willows all depend on the water on both sides, and buildings all the way to the mountains". △古代民间建筑中国古代是一种现实理性型的社会形态，与世界上许多民族的宗教型社会不同，在古代中国，宗教从来都是为统治阶级服务，人们崇拜的是帝王、祖先、家长，是人本身，注重把人的感受和追求寄托于现实世界。Ancient China was a realistic and rational social form, which was different from the religious society of many ethnic groups in the world. In ancient China, religion always served the ruling class. 这也就决定了中国传统建筑是以人为核心的，即设计的物品、建筑是为人所使用的，要兼具实用、经济、美观等特点，在满足实用价值之外更关注对精神层面的追求，这种人文主义的创作方法体现的正是今天我们大力提倡的“以人为本”思想。This also determines that the core of Chinese traditional architecture is people-oriented, that is, the designed objects and buildings are used by people. They should have the characteristics of practicality, economy and beauty.传统建筑文化非常重视建筑物与自然生态的关系，水文、景观、气候等生态因素要全面考虑，建筑设计中讲究选址以及建筑周边环境的营造。Traditional architectural culture attaches great importance to the relationship between buildings and natural ecology. Ecological factors such as hydrology, landscape, climate and so on should be fully considered. 古代建筑设计中关注的都是与人的生活直接相关居住环境的物质因素，例如建筑的朝向、水土的适宜性、周边的山水地形等等。In ancient architectural design, attention was paid to the material factors of the living environment that were directly related to people's life, such as the orientation of buildings...实际上这些因素都与风向、日照、空气和水等直接关乎人的健康以及关乎人们生活环境的审美需要有关，这些内容实际上与我们今天的环境科学和景观艺术是相吻合的。 in fact, these factors were related to the wind direction, sunshine, air and water.现代的建筑设计中，绿色生态的设计理念越来越受到人们的关注，也成为建筑设计发展的重要趋势之一。In modern architectural design, the design concept of green ecology has attracted more and more attention.实用性与艺术性完美结合的营造技术。著名的建筑大师林徽因将此总结为“中国则自古，不惮烦难的，使之尽善尽美。使切合于实际需求之外，又特具一种美术风格。”Construction technology with perfect combination of practicality and artistry. Linhuiyin, a famous architect, summed up this as "since ancient times.
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