疫情防控政策全面放开,糖尿病患者应采取积极的新冠防治措施,灵活调整治疗策略。// 此外,糖尿病易引起心、肾等慢性并发症,或合并肥胖、高血压、血脂异常等代谢性疾病。糖尿病患者在血糖控制不佳,且未能充分补充液体的情况下易发生急性并发症,尤其是糖尿病高渗状态和酮症酸中毒。这些疾病都会增加新冠重症风险。因此,对于糖尿病患者而言,疫情期间也要积极控制并发症及各种代谢紊乱。具体包括,积极控制体重,目标体质指数(BMI)<24kg/m2,腰围:男性<90cm,女性<85cm;对合并高血压的糖尿病患者,一般情况下其降压目标为<130/80mmHg;对于糖尿病患者的血脂控制目标,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)应控制在2.6mmol/L(100mg/dL)以下。并根据患者的动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)风险等级,进一步将LDL-C分层降至目标范围[4]。 对于合并了新冠感染的糖尿病患者,在糖尿病管理方面,要重视自我管理。以血糖控制为目标,重视“五架马车”管理。在新冠治疗方面,在兼顾血糖平稳的同时关注治疗药物之间的相互作用,尽量降低新冠病情进展的发生风险。
[1]Seiglie J, et al. Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Poor Early Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19[J]. Diabetes Care,2020,43(12):2938-2944. [2]Barron E, et al. Associations of type 1 and type 2 diabetes with COVID-19-related mortality in England: a whole-population study[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol,2020,8(10):813-822. [3]Hartmann-Boyce J, et al. Risks of and From SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 in People With Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Reviews [J]. Diabetes Care,2021,44(12):2790-2811. [4]王卫庆,等.新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下糖尿病管理专家建议[J].诊断学理论与实践,2022,21(02):136-138. [5]Marfella R, et al. Does poor glycaemic control affect the immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes: The CAVEAT study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Jan;24(1):160-165. [6]中华医学会内分泌学分会. 老年与儿童青少年糖尿病人群新型冠状病毒感染临床应对指南. [7]Menni C, et al. Symptom prevalence, duration, and risk of hospital admission in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during periods of omicron and delta variant dominance: a prospective observational study from the ZOE COVID Study[J]. Lancet,2022,399(10335):1618-1624. |
|