whatever详解课堂上，英文老师常会解释 whatever = no matter what，但每种情况都可以这样调换吗？答案是：不能喔！因为不管是词义还是语用，whatever ≥no matter what: 1. 作关系代名词： 相当于anything/everything/all + that+（定语从句），与what不同的是它的强调语气： You can choose what / whatever (:anything that)you like. 你可选择你喜欢的任何东西。 Whatever(:anything that) happened between Julius and me is none of your business. 朱丽和我之间发生的任何事都与你无关。 Feel free to take whatever you want from this bag of candies. 欢迎你随心所欲地从这袋糖果中拿你想要的。 She will try to do whatever is right.她会努力做正确的事。 Some parents allow their children to do whatever they like. 有些父母放任孩子做任何他们想做的事。 The cook will prepare whatever you wish.厨师会准备任何你喜欢的东西。 College students often do whatever work they can find. 大学生常做任何他们可以找到的工作。 The athlete is willing to pay whatever price to win the competition. 为了赢得比赛，运动员不惜任何代价。 2. 作连接代词： 相当于no matter what，引导让步状语从句： We must stay together whatever happens.不管发生什么，我们都要呆在一起。 Whatever happens in these elections, things will never be the same again. 无论这些选举中发生什么，一切都不可逆转了。 He said there were 'technical difficulties’, whatever that means. 他说有些技术困难，不管是什么意思吧。 Whatever decision you make, you have to face the consequences. 不论你的决定为何，你要承担后果。 whatever引导的从句在上下文语境中经常省略be动词： Any business, whatever its size (is), can benefit from a management training programme. 任何公司，不论大小，都能从管理培训项目中获益。 Whatever the reason (may be), the planners abandoned this project. 不管是什么原因，策划人放弃了这项计划。 Lisa goes for a run every morning, whatever the weather(will be). 无论天气怎么样，每天早上丽莎都会去跑步。 3. 作限定词 ： 相当于any/every..that，限定修饰其后名词; 1）whatever+ 名词 If you are unable to find work,for whatever reason, our advisers will be there to help you. 如果你找不到工作，不管是什么原因，我们的顾问都会来帮助你。 Whatever images offered serve to warn us of the serious situation facing us humans. 被提供的这一切影像都警告我们要注意人类面对的严重情形。 2)whatever+ 名词 + 定语从句 We’ll be ready at whatever time you get here. （whatever time you get here=any time (that)you get here ） 你什么时候到我们就什么时候准备好。 If you can find whatever learning method suits you, your learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably. (whatever learning method suits you=any learning method that suits you) 如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。 We shall be grateful for whatever help you can give us. (whatever help you can give us=any help (that) you can give us) 我们应该感激你赐予的一切帮助。 Close-minded individuals chose whatever ideas went along with their views 75 percent of the time. (whatever ideas went along with their views=any ideas that went along with their views ) 百分之七十五的情况下，思想保守的人会选择跟他们自己想法一致的观点。 4. 作不定代词/疑问代词: 相当于what的加强版，多见于口语, 1)as you like/wish或up to you随便、无所谓 单独 whatever 一词，显得有点消极，还带有不屑的态度，所以斟酌使用，不要拿 whatever 来回应长辈或上司。 Roommate A: You never do the dishes. I am sick of cleaning up after you! 室友A：你吃完饭都不洗碗，我真是受够帮你清理了！ Roommate B: Whatever. 室友B：随便啦。 2)what ever / what on earth 到底；究竟 whatever 代替what- 开头的句子添加些许惊讶、不耐烦或感兴趣的口吻， 口头上的 说法居多。 Whatever do you mean?你到底是什么意思？ Whatever is the matter?究竟怎么了？ Whatever happened to Sasha? I haven’t talked to her in two years. 夏莎后来过得怎么样？我两年没跟她联络了。 5.whatever 短语 ①or whatever 诸如此类，类似的东西 You plug it into a computer or whatever and it does the rest. 把它插入计算机之类的东西，其他的工作就由它来完成了。 Anyone seen carrying bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police. 警察看见谁拿着袋子、箱子或别的什么东西，就叫住谁。 ②whatever you do要紧的是，无论如何 Don’t miss the train, whatever you do. 千万不要误了火车。 Whatever you do, don’t mention my name. 无论如何，不要提起我的名字。 6.牛刀小试 1. If you are unable to attend the interview, for___reason , you should inform us immediately . A . however B . whenever C . whatever D . wherever 2." What shall we do tonight then ?"" It ' s up to you - _____ you want ." A . however B . whenever C . whatever D . whomever 3. Don ' t ,_______you do , tell Patrick or the world will know ! A . however B . whenever C . whatever D . wherever 4.______the outcome of the war , there will be no winners . A . However B . Whenever C . Whatever D . Wherever 5.______happens in these elections , things will never be the same again . A . However B . Whatever C . Whichever D . Wherever 6. Any business , ______its size , can benefit from a management training program . A . whichever B . whatever C . whenever D . wherever 7. In such schools the children were allowed to do ______they liked . A . however B . whenever C . whatever D . whoever 8. He ' ll be ready to accept ______help he can get . A . however B . whenever C . whatever D . whichever 9. I am willing to pay______ price you ask . A . whoever B . whenever C . whatever D . whichever 10. I eat______I want and I still don ' t seem to put on weight . A . wherever B . whenever C . whichever D . whatever 11. Do______you want - it won ' t affect me . A . however B . whenever C . whatever D . wherever 12. We will be grateful for ______help you can give us . A . whichever B . whatever C . whoever D . however 13. We will be grateful for ______amount you can afford . A . whichever B . whatever C . whoever D . however 14. I don ' t believe in letting children do ______they like . A . whichever B . whatever C . whoever D . however 15.Could I speak to ____ is in charge of international Sales please? A.Who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 16.The how-to book can be of help to ____ wants to do the job. A.who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever Key： CCCCB BCCCD CBBBC D |
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